Cu^(2+),Fe^(3+)对萤石浮选的活化作用机制

Activation and Mechanism of Cu^(2+) and Fe^(3+) in Flotation System of Fluorite Ore

针对萤石选别流程复杂,浮选分离成本高以及浮选药剂对萤石的影响效果问题,本文通过单矿物浮选实验,采用溶液化学计算、Zeta电位测试和红外光谱分析的方法,研究了Cu^(2+),Fe^(3+)对萤石浮选过程的影响,并分析了Cu^(2+),Fe^(3+)对萤石浮选过程的活化机制,试验分析结果表明:油酸钠作为萤石捕收剂时,在p H=8~10范围内萤石的浮选回收率为83%;而采用Cu^(2+),Fe^(3+)作为活化剂对萤石进行活化后,萤石回收率分别达到96%和91%,提高了8%和13%,使萤石浮选效果显著提升,有明显的活化作用。溶液化学计算和XRD结果表明在p H=8~10范围内的萤石浮选溶液中,Cu^(2+)和Fe^(3+)主要以Fe(OH)3和Cu(OH)2沉淀的形式存在,进一步验证Fe^(3+),Cu^(2+)阳离子作用的有效组分是氢氧化物或者络合物沉淀;Zeta电位结果表明Fe^(3+)和Cu^(2+)两种金属离子都能使萤石的Zeta电位发生正移,而且Fe^(3+)使萤石的Zeta电位偏移幅度大于Cu^(2+)的偏移幅度,说明萤石表面的Fe^(3+)吸附量多于Cu^(2+);红外光谱分析结果表明油酸钠在分别经过Cu^(2+),Fe^(3+)活化后的萤石表面的作用方式主要为化学吸附。

Regarding complex flotation seperation of fluorite, high cost and effects of flotation reagents on fluorite, the activation mechanism of Cu2＋ and Fe3＋ in fluorite ore floatation were investigated with pure mineral flotation tests, solution chemistry analysis, Zeta potential measurement and infrared（IR） spectrum measurement, and the activation mechanism of Cu2＋ , Fe3＋ for fluorite flotation process was analyzed. The results showed that the recovery rate of fluorite reached 83% using sodium oleate as collector under the flotation condition of pH range of 8 - 10. The fluorite recovery rate increased by 8% and 13% respectively when fluorite was activated by Cu2＋ and Fe3＋ , and fluorite recovery reached 96% and 91%, respectively. Based on the results of solution chemistry calculation and X-ray diffraction（XRD） , iron hydroxide Fe（OH） 3 and copper hydroxide Cu（OH） 2 were the major components in the floatation solution with this appropriate pH range （pH 8 - 10）. Zeta potential results showed that Zeta potential of fluorite shifted towards the positive direction with Fe3 ＋ or Cu2 ＋ interaction. The shift of Zeta potential of fluorite with Fe3 ＋ interaction was greater than that of Cu2 ＋ , and Fe3 ＋ fluorite of Zeta potential amplitude was greater than the Cu2 ＋ displacement amplitude, indicating the adsorption quantity of Fe3 ＋ was higher than that of Cu2 ＋ on the surface of fluorite. IR spectra results showed that the chemical adsorption mainly occurred on the surface of fluorite for sodium oleate.