弥勒发冠演变过程——从印度佛教初期到我国北魏时期

Evolution Process of Maitreya Crowns——From the Early Period of Indian Buddhism to Northern Wei Dynasty in China

弥勒造像是弥勒信仰和传播的重要组成部分,随着弥勒信仰的传播,弥勒菩萨发冠也随着时代、民族、地域和文化的不同而发生变化。本文以弥勒菩萨发冠的演变为出起点,探讨印度佛教早期到我国北魏时期弥勒菩萨发冠的演变过程。找出印度佛教早期犍陀罗、马图拉和笈多王朝弥勒菩萨发冠与中亚、西域和我国内地弥勒菩萨发冠的渊源关系,并进行比较研究,归纳弥勒菩萨发冠的演变过程和独特的地区特征。

Maitreya Statues is an important part of the Maitreya faith and dissemination, with the spread of Maitreya belief, MaJtreya Buddha crowns also changed with transformations of age, ethnicity, geography and culture. In this paper, the evolution of Maitreya Buddha crowns should be regarded as a starting point to explore evolution processes of Bodhisattva Maitreya hair crown from early period of Indian Buddhism to Northern Wei Dynasty. Then to figure out the origin relations in relation to features of Bodhisattva Maitreya hair crown among Gandhara, Mathura,Central Asia, Western areas and Mainland of China, also to research this theme in using the comparative way, then to summarize the evolution process of Maitreya Buddha crown and unique regional characteristics.