斜置切纵流联合收获机脱粒分离装置结构参数优化

Optimization of Structural Parameters for Threshing and Separating Device in Oblique Tangential-longitudinal Combine

为满足我国现阶段高产水稻的收获要求,对自行研制的履带式斜置切纵流联合收获机进行了结构改进,构建了载荷测试系统,并在田间开展了三因素三水平的正交试验,分析了切纵流滚筒转速、切流滚筒凹板筛结构形式、斜置纵轴流螺旋喂入头与导流罩径向间隙等因素对脱粒分离性能的影响,使用极差分析法对斜置切纵流联合收获机脱粒分离装置的结构参数进行了优化。优化结果表明:切流滚筒转速和纵轴流滚筒转速分别为862、806 r/min,切流凹板筛过渡段为导向、分离孔式,螺旋喂入头与导流罩径向间隙为50 mm时,整机的脱粒分离性能较优。脱粒分离总损失率为0.62%,脱粒分离总功耗为40.42 k W。

With the advancement of the rice cultivation technology and the vigorously promotion of the super hybrid rice, the rice yield is increased rapidly, which proposes higher demand for the performance of the threshing and separating device for the large-amount feeding combine harvester （7 -9 kg/s feeding amount）. When facing large feeding amount, the transition between tangential flow roller and longitudinal-axial flow separating roller will easily get blocking. In order to optimize the structure of newstyle threshing and separating device in oblique tangential-longitudinal combine and to meet the requirements of high-yielding rice harvest at present in China, rice harvest in field was conducted to study the influence of speeds of tangential drum and longitudinal drum, structure form of the tangential drum concave, gap of the conical spiral transition and cover on the performance of total consumption and total loss. The combine was re-constructed based on self-developed oblique tangential-longitudinal combine and load test system was built for the combine. Orthogonal test with three factors and three levels was carried out in the combine. Optimal parameters were gained by orthogonal test range analysis method. According to the analyzed results of orthogonal test, the rotational speeds of tangential drum and longitudinal drum were 862 r/min and 806 r/min.＇ The structure form of the tangential drum concave was the type of orientation and separation hole. The gap of the conical spiral transition and cover was 50 mm. Under the optimal parameters, the field experiment results were total loss rate of 0.62% and total power consumption of 40.42 kW.