4HBL-2型花生联合收获机复收装置设计与试验

Design and Experiment of Twice-receiving Device on 4HBL-2 Peanut Combine

针对4HBL-2型花生联合收获机果土分离及输送中花生果实的漏果、掉果问题,设计了花生联合收获机复收装置。在花生联合收获时,对土壤中遗漏的果实和夹持输送过程中掉落的果实进行复收、清选、集果等作业。并对复收装置进行了设计与试验研究,确定了该装置的最优结构参数和工作参数:复收装置安装角度为20°,复收链输送速度1.2 m/s,复收链杆条间隙10 mm。在机组前进速度为0.6 m/s时,实现收获花生平均净果率为90.16%,平均漏果率为0.12%,提高了花生的收获质量,减少了花生二次复收的劳动强度和作业成本。

In order to solve the existing problems of the leakage and dropping of fruit in the process of peanut harvest using machine, this paper designed the twice-receiving device on 4HBL- 2 peanut combine. The device is mainly composed of twice-receiving shovel, conveying device, fixed frame and transmission chain, etc. It can finish the process of twice-receiving, cleaning and gripping fruit when harvesting. Besides, this paper designed and did analysis on twice-receiving device and determined the optimal structural parameters and working parameters： the twice-receiving installation angle was 20°, the twice-receiving chain conveyor speed was 1.2 m/s, the bar was 10 ram. When the unit speed was 0.6 m/s, the peanuts average net fruit rate was 90. 16%, the average leakage rate was 0. 12%, improving the quality of peanut harvester, reducing the labor intensity of the peanut twice-receiving and operating costs. This equipment will give theory and technical support for the design of twice-receiving multi-function peanut combine. Others, the technical level of peanut combine in China has been greatly improved, and has developed many machines, such as： 4HB -2A, 4HBL- 2 and 4HL-2, etc. Those machines can complete the work of mining, picking, soil-clearing, fruit-picking, cleaning, and collecting, etc. But the problems of leakage off of peanut fruit in the process of peanut harvesting, there is an average of 5% -8% of the losing. Besides, the cost of twice-receiving of artificial is high and there is no research of twice-receiving on peanut combine in China or at abroad. The main reasons of the existing peanut combine on leakage and off are ： first, because of the high maturity of peanuts, the peanut roots and fruit node relay can＇t meet the requirements of harvesting; second, some peanuts in the process of soil-clearing fell-off on the ground. So the research of this twice-receiving device of peanut combine has important significance.