全球供应链分工地位如何影响——国服务贸易部门的出口技术复杂度

How does the Division Status of a Country along the Global Supply Chain Affect its Service Export Sophistication——Theory and Cross-country Evidence

文章首先在"成本发现"分析框架基础上构建了一个理论模型,探讨了一国在全球供应链上的嵌入位置对该国服务贸易出口技术含量的作用机制。继而利用跨国面板数据计算得到全球37个国家的服务贸易部门在2000-2011年的出口技术复杂度指数,同时结合世界投入产出表和行业上游度测算方法,分别从投入、产出两个纬度构造了样本国家的全球供应链分工地位测度指标。实证研究结果稳健地支持了本文理论模型的预期,即一国在全球供应链上分工地位的攀升有助于提升该国的技术吸收再创新效率进而促进其服务贸易部门出口技术复杂度的升级。上述发现具有重要的政策意义,为思考如何通过提升全球供应链分工地位这一方式来促进一国服务贸易部门出口技术复杂度的升级提供了相应的经验证据,对步入经济新常态后如何进一步推动我国服务贸易发展这一议题提供了有益的启示。

This article firstly builds a simple mathematical model, which based on the framework of cost discovery, to explore the mechanism between the division status of a country along the global supply chain and its service ex- port sophistication. Then we calculate service export sophistication index for 37 countries over the period 2000-11, and construct division status indicator of glob- al supply chain for sample countries by incorporating the world input-output ta- bles into the measurement of industry upstreamness from the dimensions of in- puts and outputs, the empirical results support the theoretical prediction of the model robustly, namely the rising of division status of a country along the glob- al supply chain helps to promote the upgrading of its service export sophistica- tion by enhancing the efficiency of the country＇s secondary innovation. The find- ings above have important policy implications, on the one hand, they provide em- pirical evidence for thinking about how to improve global supply chain Division as a means for promoting the upgrading of service export sophistication, but also shed light on the issue of how to promote the development of trade in services further when China＇s economy has entered the period of new normal.