水产品中生物胺的检测方法研究进展

Research progress on determination methods of biogenic amines in aquatic products

生物胺是一类低分子量含氮有机化合物,主要是由氨基酸进行脱羧反应而产生,广泛存在于各类食品中,尤其是蛋白质含量较高的水产品中。适量的生物胺对于维持人体正常的生理功能是必要的,但是过量的生物胺摄入体内会导致食物中毒、过敏等一系列毒副作用,对人体健康造成极大危害。目前,食品中生物胺含量也是食品品质是否优良的重要指标。因此,对水产品中生物胺含量的测定受到越来越多的重视。近些年来对于生物胺的化学、毒理学以及分析检测技术的研究日趋增加。本文将介绍目前水产品中常见生物胺含量测定的色谱、光谱检测方法以及生物化学检测方法的研究进展,以期为水产品的质量安全提供理论保证。同时对水产品中生物胺检测技术的发展和趋势进行展望。

Biogenic amines （BAs） are a class of low molecular weight containing nitrogen organic compound, which are produced mainly by the decarboxylation of amino acids, and they are widely presented in various foods, especially in aquatic products with high protein content. The right amount of BAs to maintain the physiological function is necessary, but excessive intake of BAs may lead to a series of side effects such as food poisoning and allergies, which will cause great harms to human health. At present, the content of BAs is an important index to food quality. Therefore, the determination of biogenic amines in aquatic products has aroused more attention. In recent years, the researches of chemistry, toxicology and analytical techniques of BAs are increasing. In this paper, chromatography, spectrum detection methods and advances in biochemical detection methods of BAs were introduced, so as to provide a theoretical guarantee for quality and safety of aquatic products. Furthermore, the development and trend of biogenic amines in aquatic products were also prospected.