三种龙胆属白族药用植物的品质评价及质量等同性

Quality Evaluation and Quality Equivalence of Three Gentianaceous Medicinal Plants of Bai Nationality

以坚龙胆、头花龙胆、微籽龙胆为试材,采用HPLC法,测定了坚龙胆、头花龙胆、微籽龙胆根及根茎中龙胆苦苷、獐芽菜苦苷、獐芽菜苷、苦龙胆酯苷的含量,并用单因素方差分析、聚类分析、色谱法分析对其品质及质量等同性进行评价。结果表明:微籽龙胆根及根茎中龙胆苦苷、獐芽菜苦苷、獐芽菜苷、苦龙胆酯苷含量(P<0.01)与坚龙胆、头花龙胆具有极显著差异,而坚龙胆与头花龙胆无显著差异且龙胆苦苷含量均超过国家药典标准的5倍,微籽龙胆根及根茎中未检测到龙胆苦苷;坚龙胆和头花龙胆根及根茎HPLC色谱图相似度均达0.997,微籽龙胆相似度仅为0.015;坚龙胆、头花龙胆、微籽龙胆根及根茎中主要活性成分含量及其总含量聚类分析结果相同,坚龙胆和头花龙胆聚为一类,微籽龙胆单独为一类。头花龙胆可以替代坚龙胆入药,但其药理性、毒理性等还需进一步的研究;微籽龙胆不能替代坚龙胆入药。

The contents of gentiopicroside,swertiamarin,sweroside and amarogentin in the roots of Gentiana rigescens Franch.,Gentiana cephalantha Franch.and Gentiana delavayi Franch.were determined by HPLC,the quality and quality equivalence were evaluated by one-way ANOVA,cluster analysis and chromatographic analysis.The results showed that Gentiana delavayi Franch.had significant difference（P0.01）with Gentiana rigescens Franch.and Gentiana cephalantha Franch.in the contents of gentiopicroside,swertiamarin,sweroside and amarogentin in the roots,there was no significant difference between Gentiana rigescens Franch.and Gentiana cephalantha Franch.,and their contents of gentiopicroside in the roots were more than five times the national standard,but the contents of gentiopicroside was not detected in the roots of Gentiana delavayi Franch.The similarities of the characteristic peaks of Gentiana rigescens Franch.and Gentiana cephalantha Franch.in HPLC fingerprints were 0.997,while Gentiana delavayi Franch.was just 0.015.The contents and total contents of gentiopicroside,swertiamarin,sweroside and amarogentin of Gentiana rigescens Franch.,Gentiana cephalantha Franch.and Gentiana delavayi Franch.were similar as shown by cluster analysis,Gentiana rigescens Franch.and Gentiana cephalantha Franch.were cluster into one group,while Gentiana delavayi Franch.was a separate category.Gentiana cephalantha Franch.could replace Gentiana rigescens Franch.into medicine,but it needed to have further studies of pharmacological,toxicological experiments,while Gentiana delavayi Franch.not.