新媒体、公众参与和压力型立法

The New Media,Public Participation and the Pressure-induced Legislation

法律制度是一种公共产品。新媒体时代的到来使得信息传播的方式由媒体向大众的单向传播演化为媒体和大众互为生产者和接收者的双向互动传播。同时,我国社会结构的急剧变革使得信息总量激增。两者的结合改变了法律制度产品供需双方的议价能力格局,引致立法需求常借助新媒体对公共事件的报道在短期内集中表达,从而出现"压力型立法"现象。压力型立法积极作用和消极影响共存。应当探索建立以社会组织为主体的法律制度需求传递机制,创建市场协调平台以进行科学的立法预测从而在根本上改善新媒体时代中立法主体的信息能力,提升立法的引领性和主动性。

Legal rules are one special type of pubtic goods. With the development of new media, the information formulation and information dissemination have changed from single direction towards to mutual interaction between the public and new media. Those changes exerted the pressures and impacts on the legislatures＇decision-making process. China＇s society has undergone rapid and partial changes, which led amount of information explosion and changed the bargaining power of the public radically. Those two factors exert unprecedented pressure to the legislators. A pressure-induced legislation therefore came out. The pressure-induced legislation has cost and benefit. The solutions to avoid its negative impacts are based on the forum construction of interest groups as well as society organizations, which can deliver the legal institutional demand to the legislature timely and effectively through adopting market coordination mechanism. The legislature should also implement objective legislative prediction and make legislative plan.