P2P网贷平台犯罪及司法治理研究

A Study on the Crime of P2P Lending Platform and the Judicial Governance Correspondingly

P2P网贷平台犯罪不等于P2P非法集资犯罪,前者外延大于后者。根据十部委《关于促进互联网金融健康发展的指导意见》,认为P2P网贷平台可定性为类金融机构,可能触犯的罪名包括非法集资、擅自发行股票债券、非法经营三种罪。以罪名划分为主线,分别论述此三种罪名的具体罪状可能涵盖的互联网金融模式,并相应提出司法治理的建议。司法机关应当运用自身职能,参与对互联网金融行业的有效治理。建议以"擅自发行股票、债券罪"来规制互联网金融资产证券化业务模式,但不应根据人数、而应根据融资金额来设定入罪标准。对于尚未构成非法集资或擅自发行股票、债券罪的互联网金融违法活动,则以"非法经营罪"来进行规制,但入罪的标准应适度提高。在具体处断P2P网贷平台融资行为的法律效力时,应结合《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》来作出合理的刑、民处分。在强化司法治理的基础上,还应进一步强化行政监管、并构建好互联网金融健康发展的信息基础。

The P2P lending platform crimes is not equal to P2P Illegal fund-raising,the former＇s extension is greater than the latter. According to ＂The guidance on the promotion of the healthy development of Internet finance＂ ,this paper argues that the P2P platform should be characterize as financial institutions, it may violate the charges including Illegal fund-raising, Without issuing stocks, Illegal business. This paper discusses the modes of Internet finance that those three specific crimes may adopt, and put forward corresponding governance scheme. The judicial organs should make full use of their judicial functions to participate in the governance of the industry of the Internet finance. This paper suggest invoking the article of Without issuing stocks to governance the mode of asset securitization of Internet finance, and according to the financing amount rather than the number of people to incrimination. Agaist the situation of not constitute Illegal fund-raising or Without issuing stocks, the crime of Illegal business should be applicable. However, the standards of incrimination should be appropriately adapt. On the basis of strengthening judicial governance, but also further strengthen the administrative supervision, and construct a good information base for the Internet finance.