食用油中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂污染的途径和风险控制研究

Contamination pathways and risk management of phthalate plasticizers in edible oils

目的对食用油中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂污染的途径和风险控制进行研究。方法结合食用油的加工工艺,对原料油种籽、白土、磷酸、溶剂、活性碳、各类隐蔽密封件、塑料管、塑料桶、塑料包装物的影响进行筛查分析。结果食用油的塑化剂污染分为引入和迁移两大途径,其中引入途径主要与加工过程外采物料相关,如油料种子、加工助剂、添加剂塑化剂;迁移途径主要与加工、储存接触的塑料材质设备、工具、包装材料的塑化剂含量相关。而原料、塑料隐蔽密封件、塑料管、包装材料是食用油中邻苯二甲酸酯类增塑剂污染的主要途径;同时,食用油的脱臭工艺对塑化剂有一定的脱除作用。结论本研究提出的食用油塑化剂污染预防的控制方案,可降低食用油产品中的塑化剂风险。

Objective To study the contamination pathways and the risk management of phthalate plasticizers in edible oils. Methods Combined with the processing technology, the effects of oilseeds, clay, phosphoric acid, solvent, activated carbon, various hidden seal rings, plastic buckets, plastic pipes, plastic packaging were screened and studied. Results Introduction and migration of phthalic acid esters（PAEs） had two main contamination patterns, whereby introduction was associated with the level of PAEs content of purchased materials such as oilseeds, proceeding aids and additives. Migration of PAEs was associated with plastic equipment, tools, packaging which contacted the products during the manufacture and storage. It was found that oilseeds, hidden seal rings, plastic pipes and plastic packaging were the main PAEs contamination patterns for edible oil. Meanwhile, deodorization process could remove PAEs from the edible oil to some extent. Conclusion The research provids a set of prevention and control measures for edible oils, which can avoid PAEs contamination and minimize PAEs risks effectively.