垂直力加载下微变形梁的结构设计与优化

MICRO-DEFORMATION BEAM'S CONSTRUCTION DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION ON VERTICAL FORCE LOADING

为垂直加载力设计大跨度小变形的承载横梁。横梁设计跨度为3 422 mm,在工作平面终点处施加最大的垂直加载力10 k N,横向位移为1 100 mm,此时要求横梁变形量小于50μm。以16 mm钢板为主要材料,仿照工字钢的强抗压性,以及等强度梁的抗变形能力,借助Ansys Workbench软件,设计符合工况的非标的重量轻的小变形横梁,使其达到设计变形量和许用应力。以横梁的总变形和等效应力最小为目标函数,以仿工字钢和仿等强度梁的关键结构尺寸P_3,P_4,P_5,P_6为设计变量,对横梁进行结构优化,并分析横梁的最大变形为40μm。通过对非标横梁进行垂直加载力的实验分析可知,加载力10 k N时系统最大变形为38μm,两者相对误差为5%。结果表明,优化设计后的横梁能够满足工况设计要求。

Designing large-span and micro-deformation load bearing crossbeam for the vertical loading force, the designing span of Crossbeam is 3422 ram. Horizon displacement is 1100 ram. Reruirement crossbeam＇s deformation amount less 50 μm. when loading vertical force in the destination of working plane. Using the steel with the thickness of 16mm as the main material, imitating I-steel＇ s strong compressive behavior and equal intensity beam anti-deformation ability to design coincidence working condition＇ s non-standard microdeformation and soft Weight crossbeam, making it to reach design deformation amount and allowable stress by ANSYS Workbench. Using the crossbeam＇ s total deformation and equivalent stress tiny as the objective function, imitating I-steel and equal intensity beam＇ s key structures which is P3, P4 , Ps, P6 as the design variable to optimize the crossbram structure. Through the vertical loading force experimental analysis for non-standard crossbeam, the system maximum deformation is 38 μm when the loading force is 10 kN, ANSYS Workbench solving is 40 μm, the relative error is 5% of them, crossbeam meets the conditions required by optimization.