基于抽气式电荷仪的高压直流导线下方空间电荷密度测量

Measurements of Space Charge Density Under HVDC Conductor Based on Aspirator-type Charge Meter

灰霾天气的的出现使得特高压直流输电线路的电磁环境问题,尤其是合成电场与电荷密度问题变得愈加复杂。为了测量高压直流导线下方地面附近的电荷密度,设计制作了一种带有垂直金属网的抽气式电荷密度测量装置。在相互平行的平面金属丝网所产生的合成电场中进行标定。利用标定后的装置,测量了单极高压直流导线下方的地面附近的电荷密度。分别使用2D和3D通量线法计算了地面处的电荷密度分布。实验和计算结果表明,电荷密度的测量值与2D和3D计算值之间的误差分别为6.6%和4.1%。该研究工作为研究高压直流输电线路发生电晕放电时离子的荷电特性奠定了基础。

With the occurrence of the hazy weather in China, the electromagnetic environment problem, especially the ionized field and space charge density becomes more complex. In order to measure the charge density near the ground level under the DC high-voltage conductors, an aspirator-type charge meter with vertical metal meshes was designed and utilized. The measurement device was calibrated in the total electric field generated by parallel metal mesh and plate. Moreover, charge densities near the ground level under the unipolar direct current high voltage line were measured by the calibrated ion counter, and the distribution of the charge density at ground level was calculated by the flux tracing method. Experiment and measurement results have shown that relative errors between the measurements and 2D and 3D calcula- tions are 6.6% and 4.1%, respectively. This work may lay a research foundation of the charging characteristics of the ions near the ground level under the DC high-voltage conductors.