两种常见淡水鱼在高温储存过程中挥发性盐基总氮和生物胺的含量变化

Changes on the contents of total volatile basic nitrogen and biogenic amines in two common species of freshwater fish,Hemiculter leucisculus and Erythroculter erythropterus,at high temperature storage

实验检测了条和红鳍红鲌在30℃下贮存48 h内每隔6 h的挥发性盐基总氮(TVBN)和9种生物胺(尸胺、腐胺、组胺、酪胺、5-羟色胺、亚精胺、精胺、多巴胺和章鱼胺)含量的变化,并对TVBN和生物胺含量与时间的相关性进行分析,以期为淡水水产品类饵料安全投喂和人类食品安全提供基础资料。结果显示,两种鱼在相同贮存条件下TVBN和生物胺含量均存在一定差异。其中,TVBN含量均随着贮存时间的延长而逐渐增加且与时间存在明显的相关性。红鳍红鲌除在42 h时TVBN含量低于■条外,其他时间均高于■条。在30℃贮存下,■条和红鳍红鲌的TVBN含量均在12 h时超过30 mg/100 g,因此,这两种鱼在12 h后不推荐食用。尸胺、腐胺、酪胺和组胺是这两种鱼主要的生物胺类型,且有随贮存时间延长含量显著增高的趋势,并与时间呈显著性相关,可推荐用于评价此两种水产品食用安全的生物胺类型。除此之外,在可测到的生物胺中,红鳍红鲌的尸胺和组胺含量明显高于■条,且红鳍红鲌体内的5-羟色胺与时间也呈显著性相关。

Hemiculter leucisculus and Erythroculter erythropterus are small fishes which are common freshwater species in China.They are often fed to aquatic animals,and are also food for humans.In this study,the total volatile basic nitrogen（TVBN） and nine biogenic amines（cadaverine,putrescine,histamine,tyramine,serotonin,spermidine,spermine,dopamine and octopamine） of H.leuciclus and E.erythropterus at 30℃ storage were examined in every 6h for 48 h.The correlation analysis of the contents of TVBN or biogenic amines with the storage time was also evaluated for these two species.The results showed that there were differences in the contents of biogenic amines and TVBN in H leucisculus and E.erythropterus.The TVBN contents of H.leuciclus and E.erythropterus obviously increased with the storage time increasing.The TVBN content of E.erythropterus was significantly higher than that in H.Leucisculus at all time except at 42 h（P〈0.05）.The TVBN contents of H.leucisculus and E.erythropterus exceeded the national edible standard of 30 mg/100 g after 12 h.Therefore these two species were not suitable to eat after 12 h.The four main biogenic amines detected in these two species were cadaverine,putrescine,tyramine and histamine.The contents of these four biogenic amines increased significantly with the extension of storage time（P〈0.05）.The contents of cadaverine and histamine in E.erythropterus were significantly higher than those in H.leuciclus（P〈0.05）.The contents of TVBN,cadaverine,putrescine,histamine and tyramine were found to correlate closely（P〈0.01） with the storage time in these two species,and the same situation was also found for serotonin from E.erythropterus