长安北魏佛教造像分期研究——以纪年造像为中心

The Periodization of Northern-Wei Buddha Sculpture of Chang'an: Focusing on The Buddha Statues Bearing Construction Date

长安北魏纪年造像可分为早、中、晚三期。早期为5世纪后半叶至太和二十三年(499),造像样式与同时期的云冈造像大致相同,出现地方特色。中期为景明至孝昌年间(500-527),像体较清瘦,以中国式佛衣为主,有典型地方特色。晚期为北魏末期,出现了较统一的造像样式,为西魏、北周长安造像奠定了基础。

The Northern-Wei Buddha sculptures of Chang'an can be divided chronologically into three phases---- early, middle and late. Specifically, the early period is between the latter half of the 5th century and the 23 rd year of Taihe( 太 和)(499) when the Buddha sculpture appeared of local feature but much close to that of Yungang Cave of the same age. The second was from the years of Jingming( 景 明) to Xiaochang( 孝 昌)(500-527) when the body of the statues that were mostly dressed in Chinese-style Buddha clothes(kasaya) looked lean with typical local style. The third was in the late Northern Wei dynasty when the Chang'an Buddha statues tended to have the style in common, which then laid the foundation for the Buddha sculptural statue of Chang'an of the Western Wei and Northern Zhou dynasties that followed.