先天观念综合的现实历史基础--索恩-雷特尔《脑力劳动与体力劳动》初解

The Real Historical Foundation of A Priori Synthesis of Ideas——First Interpretations of Sohn-Rethel's Intellectual and Manual Labor

索恩-雷特尔认为,对康德一类唯心主义先天观念独立存在伪相的批判,关键在于将思维重新归基到社会存在中来。所以,正是资产阶级商品-市场经济中以特殊的自组织方式建构起来的实践结构的自发性规制作用,才引领了先验范式的认知统摄,康德转型为"认识能力"的先验哲学和黑格尔标榜的绝对真理体系的客观理念,不过是现实经济关系拜物教关系结构的一种主观投射。生产先验、功能构序和物化之物这三者共同建构了康德在观念层面上实现的"认识论中的哥白尼革命"——先天综合判断的真正基础,即发生于现实资本主义商品-市场经济中的社会综合。

Sohn-Rethel considers the essence for criticism of the idealist illusionary a priori independent existence consists in bringing thoughts back to its real ground, the social existence. Therefore, it is the spontaneous action of the practical structure constructed within capitalist commerce-market economy that precedes and predetermines the a priori categories. Kantian a priori philosophy based on ＂cognitive capacities＂ and Hegel＇s absolute truth system of objective ideas are no more than a kind of subjective projection of the real economic relations and their fetishist structure. Production a priori, functional ordering and the reified thing, these three concepts together construct the real basis of the Copernican Revolution Kant realized in epistemology. The real basis of Kantian a priori synthetic judgment is the social synthesis, which is formed in the real capitalist commerce-market economv.