腰果酚甜菜碱型表面活性剂的合成与性能评价

Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of Cardanol Betaine Surfactant

为获得性能优良的聚合物/表面活性剂二元复合驱油体系,以腰果酚、环氧氯丙烷为原料,四丁基溴化铵为催化剂合成了腰果酚甜菜碱型两性离子表面活性剂,用红外光谱对其结构进行了表征;将表面活性剂与聚丙烯酰胺复配,研究了表面活性剂与聚合物加量对油水界面张力及乳化性能的影响。研究结果表明,合成产物具有腰果酚甜菜碱型两性表面活性剂的结构特征,表面活性剂在低浓度(0.5数3.0 g/L)时的油水界面张力为10-4数10-3m N/m。二元复合驱油体系平衡界面张力随聚合物浓度的增加而增大,表面活性剂加量对二元体系平衡界面张力的影响较小,当表面活性剂质量浓度为0.3数0.8 g/L、聚合物质量浓度为0.5 g/L时的平衡界面张力为10-6数10-5m N/m。二元体系乳化性能良好,随表面活性剂和聚合物浓度的增加,二元体系分水时间呈增长趋势(200数1000 s)。表面活性剂与聚合物复配使油水界面张力降低,乳状液稳定性提高。

In order to obtain polymer/surfactant compound flooding system with good performance, the amphoteric surfactant was synthesized by cardanol, epichlorohydrin and catalyst tetrabutyl ammonium bromide. The structure of the product was characterized by infrared spectrometer. The effect of the dosage of polyacrylamide and surfactant on the oil-water interfacial tension and emulsifying property was studied. Experimental results showed that the product had the structural characteristics of cardartol betaine surfactant. The oil-water interracial tension was 10-4-10-3 mN/m when the concentration of surfactant was low （0.5--3.0 g/L）. Theequilibrium interfacial tension of flooding system increased with increasing concentration of polymer, and the amount of surfactant had little influence on equilibrium interracial tension. When the mass concentration of surfactant was 0.3--0.8 g/L and that of polymer was 0.5 g/L, the equilibrium interfacial tension of binary system could achieve 10^-6-10^-5 mN/m. The emulsification property of polymer/surfactant compound flooding system was good. With the increase of surfactant concentration, the time for removing moisture of binary system extended （200--1000 s）. Compounding surfactant with polymer could lower the oil-water interfacial tension and improve the emulsion stability.