中美玉米生产成本结构差异与影响因素分析

The Analysis of Differences of Corn Production Cost Structure and Influence Fctors Between China and the United States

近年中国玉米面临"三量齐增"的供给困境。受宏观经济、农业政策、资源禀赋和技术诱导等因素的综合影响,中美玉米生产经济成本差距不断扩大,中国玉米经济成本与可变成本高于美国,固定成本近年与美国持平,表现高人工成本、土地成本,低总动力费、生化投入的成本结构特征。保持经济平稳运行,发展新型生产主体,降低玉米政策成本,将有利于改善中国玉米生产成本结构,促进玉米有效供给效率提升。

In recent years, China＇s corn has been caught in the Supply Predicament of ＂three quantity JiZeng＂ . Influencing by the macro economy, agricultural policy, resources endowment and technology induced, The corn production economic cost gap was widening, China＇s corn economic cost and variable cost was higher than the United States, fixed costs the same as America in recent years, showing the characteristics of high labor costs, land costs, and low total expenditure on power, biochemical inputs. Keeping the economy running smoothly,developing new type of production main body, lowing the corn policy cost, would help to improve China＇s corn production cost structure, promotin corn effective supply efficiency.