摘要
根据菱镁矿区粉尘污染土壤pH较高、养分含量较低及水溶性Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)较大的特点,采用盆栽试验研究了糠醛渣、磷石膏分别以不同比例施入污染土壤后土壤理化性质的变化及对玉米幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:糠醛渣能有效降低菱镁矿粉尘污染土壤pH值,显著增加有机质含量;添加比例为5%~30%时,土壤pH从9.34降低到8.96~7.61,土壤有机质增加了1.19~13.19倍;磷石膏能显著提高土壤水溶性Ca^(2+)含量,有效调节土壤Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)比;添加比例为5%~30%时,土壤Mg^(2+)/Ca^(2+)降低了92.4%~94.9%;相同比例条件下,添加磷石膏时土壤微生物生物量碳(MBC)、土壤微生物生物量氮(MBN)及玉米幼苗生长指标优于添加糠醛渣的处理;糠醛渣与磷石膏添加比例在5%~15%时,土壤MBC、MBN、玉米幼苗最大根长、株高、生物量、叶片叶绿素含量均呈增加趋势,添加比例为15%~30%时逐渐下降,添加比例为15%时达到最大,土壤MBC分别增加2.02倍和2.27倍,MBN增加4.75倍和5.54倍,玉米幼苗最大根长增加1.05倍和1.14倍,株高增加1.15倍和1.34倍,生物量增加1.47和1.58倍,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性也较高。因此,糠醛渣和磷石膏是改良菱镁矿区粉尘污染土壤理化性质的潜在材料,15%添加比例的改良效果优于其他处理。
Amelioration of soil contaminated by Mg-rich dusts and maize growth assessment.
YANG Dan1, ZENG De-hui2. (1College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550025, China; 2 Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China). Abstract : According to the characteristics of high pH, low nutrient concentration and large soluble Mg2+/Ca2+ ratio in soil contaminated by Mg-rich dusts around magnesite regions, a pot experiment was conducted, in which different proportions of furfural residue and phosphogypsum were added to soil contaminated by Mg-rich dusts. Effects of furfural residue and phosphogypsum addition on physicochemical properties of soil and growth of maize seedlings were analyzed. The resuks showed that furfural residue significantly decreased the contaminated soil pH and increased organic matter concentration. When its addition proportion was 5% to 30%, soil pH decreased from 9.34 to 8.96-7.61, and organic matter concentration increased by 1.19-13.19 times. Phosphogypsum significantly increased soil soluble Ca2+, and adjusted Mg2+/Ca2+ in soil. When its addition proportion was 5% to 30%, soil soluble Mg2+/Ca2+ ratio decreased by 92.4%-94.9%. Moreover, soil microbial biomass C (MBC) , microbial biomass N (MBN) , and growth characteristics of maize seedlings were more enhanced under phosphogypsum addition than under furfural residue addition with the same proportions. When 5% to 15% of furfural residue and phosphogypsum was added, soil MBC, MBN, the maximum root length, plant height, biomass and chlorophyll concentration of maize seedlings obviously increased, but gradually declined as the addition proportion increased from 15% to 30%. In 15% of furfural residue and phosphogypsum addition treatments, soil MBC increased by 2.02 and 2.27 times, MBN increased by 4.75 and 5.54 times,the maximum root length of maize seedlings increased by 1.05 and I. 14 times, the plant height increased by 1.15 and 1.34 times, the biomass increased by 1.47 and 1.58 times. Furthermore, the catalase (CAT) and pero^idase (POD) activities were higher than in the other treatments. Therefore, furfural residue and phosphogypsum were potential materials for improving physicochemical properties of the contaminated soil around magnesite regions, and their amendment at 15% showed a better remediation effect under the condition of greenhouse experiment. Key words: Mg-rich dust; contaminated soil; furfural residue; phosphogypsum ; ameliorating effect.
作者
杨丹
曾德慧
YANG Dan ZENG De-hui(College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550025, China Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China).)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第10期2651-2658,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合J字[2013]2299号)
贵州省科学技术联合基金项目(黔科合LH字[2014]7180号)资助
关键词
含镁粉尘
污染土壤
糠醛渣
磷石膏
改良效果
Mg-rich dust
contaminated soil
furfural residue
phosphogypsum
ameliorating effect