彩色马铃薯新品系营养品质及染色体构型和SSR分析

Nutritionalquality,chromosome configuration and SSR analysis of new colored potato hybrid lines

为明确彩色马铃薯杂种新品系的块茎营养品质、染色体配对构型、花粉育性和DNA水平的遗传差异程度,以品种红美、彩异和亲本为对照材料,利用常规营养成分测定、染色体制片及SSR分子标记等方法对其进行了研究.结果表明:4个彩色马铃薯杂种新品系(蒙彩-01、蒙彩-02、蒙彩-03和蒙彩-04)的营养品质各有特点,蒙彩-01和蒙彩-03块茎花青素、粗蛋白、Vc和酚类物质含量均较高;蒙彩-02的干物质和淀粉含量最高;蒙彩-04还原糖含量最低.细胞学分析显示,蒙彩-01和蒙彩-02的花粉育性较高,蒙彩-03较低,蒙彩-04居中;其PMC MⅠ染色体配对构型分别为1.18Ⅰ+14.65Ⅱ+1.28Ⅲ+3.42Ⅳ,1.33Ⅰ+13.97Ⅱ+1.22Ⅲ+3.77Ⅳ,9.12Ⅰ+7.71Ⅱ+6.88Ⅲ+0.7Ⅳ和3.96Ⅰ+11.25Ⅱ+4.91Ⅲ+1.7Ⅳ.筛选出8对SSR适宜引物,PCR扩增得到多态性位点59个,其百分率为72.84%;建立了能区分出各材料的SSR指纹图;4个新品系与亲本及对照材料间的平均遗传距离为0.471 4,以遗传距离0.41为基准将9份材料分为3类,第1类为黑美人、蒙彩-04、蒙彩-01、蒙彩-03和蒙彩-02,第2类为红美和红彩,第3类为MIN-021和彩异.

To identify the genetic differences among hybrid lines of colored potato Mengcai-01,Mengcai-02,Mengcai-03 and Mengcai-04 in nutritional quality of tuber,chromosome configurations,pollen fertility and DNA level,this experiment used Hongmei,Caiyi and parent materials as contrast,and researched on the tested materials using conventional nutrition determination method,regular staining and slide-preparing and SSR molecular marker technique.Four new hybrid lines had different characteristics on nutritional quality.Tuber anthocyanin,crude protein,Vc and phenolics content of Mengcai-01 and Mengcai-03 were higher than other hybrid lines,dry matter and starch content of Mengcai-02 were the highest,and reducing sugar of Mengcai-04 was the lowest.Cytological analysis showed that pollen fertility of Mengcai-01 and Mengcai-02 were higher than other materials,Mengcai-03 was the lowest and Mengcai-04 was in the medium level.Chromosome configuration at meiosis metaphaseⅠ（PMCMⅠ）of 4selected colored hybrid lines were showed as follow：1.18Ⅰ＋14.65Ⅱ＋1.28Ⅲ＋3.42Ⅳ,1.33Ⅰ＋13.97Ⅱ＋1.22Ⅲ＋3.77Ⅳ,9.12Ⅰ＋7.71Ⅱ＋6.88Ⅲ＋0.7Ⅳand 3.96Ⅰ＋11.25Ⅱ＋4.91Ⅲ＋1.7Ⅳ.59 polymorphic locus were amplified by 8screened suitable primers,and the polymorphic percent was 72.84%.And SSR fingerprint of the 4new hybrid lines was constructed,which could distinguish the 9potato materials.The average genetic distance of 4new lines and parent materials and Check varieties was 0.471 4.The materials were classified into three categories on the basis GD value of 0.41：Mengcai-01,Mengcai-02,Mengcai-03,Mengcai-04 and farther materials Heimeiren as a category,Hongmei and Hongcai as a category,MIN-021 and Caiyi as a category.