健康促进模式护理干预对长期住院精神分裂症患者生活质量的影响

Effect of health promotion model nursing intervention on the quality of life of long- term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia

目的探索健康促进模式在长期住院精神分裂症患者中的应用价值。方法选取2013年8月至2015年12月在本院长期住院精神分裂症患者280例,应用随机数字表随机分组法分为组和对照组。比较两组精神分裂症的临床症状、服药依从性和生活质量间的差异。结果两组经过治疗后,NOSIE各项因子分均较前有明显提高,健康促进组NOSIE总积极分、社会能力、社会兴趣、个人整洁等得分较对照组有明显提高,差异有统计学意义,总消极分激惹、精神病表现、迟缓、抑郁较对照组有较明显降低,差异统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,健康促进组和对照组在生理因子、心理因子、社会关系因子、环境因子和总分显差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预12周后,健康促进组4个因子和总分均明显高于对照组,t检验显示,两组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。健康促进组和对照组在干预前PSP评分相当,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预12周后,两组的PSP得分均有不同程度的提高,且健康促进组患者的得分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论健康促进模式护理干预可改善长期住院精神分裂症患者的临床症状,提高患者的治疗依从性,改进生活质量,精神活动得到调节,提高社会功能及更好地回归社会,延缓精神衰退,从而提高患者生存质量。

Objective To explore the application value of health promotion model in the nursing of long - term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Methods 280 cases of long - term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia treated in our hospital during August 2013 and December 2015 were enrolled as objective. All patients were randomly divided into experimental and control groups by using random data table. Clinical symptoms, drug compliance and quality of life of the two groups were compared. Results Each factor scores of NOSIE in the two groups has significantly improved after treatment. The total positive score, social competence, social interest, personal cleanliness and other scores of NOSIE in the experimental group were better than the control group, the differences were statistically significant. The total negative points, irritability, psychotic manifestations, slow, depression were significantly reduced compared with the control group, the differences were statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Before the intervention, the scores of physiological factors, psychological factors, social relations factors, environmental factors between two groups were similar, the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant （P 〉 0. 05 ）. After 12 weeks, the scores of the 4 factors and total score in health promotion group were significantly higher than the control group, t test showed the difference between the two groups were statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The PSP score in health promotion and control groups were similar before intervention, the difference was not statistically significant （P 〉 0. 05 ）. After 12 weeks intervention, PSP scores in both groups increased at different degrees. And the score in health promotion was significantly higher （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Health promotion model nursing intervention can improve symptoms, patients＇ compliance and quality of life of long - term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia. Besides, it can adjust mental activity, improve the social function and return to society, slower mental decline, improve high quality of life in patients.