超大城市安全风险管理与评价国际比较研究

International Comparative Study on Safety Risk Management and Evaluation of Mega-city

国外超大城市普遍经历了由部门型单灾种安全管理体制,向全政府型综合安全管理体制转变的过程,最后形成的实体化、高行政级别的安全管理部门,能够有效调动、协调各方资源。这就要求超大城市明确机构权责,增强内部合作,强化跨区域合作治理。区域间联合的体制结构,对超大城市应对极端灾害或安全风险提供了有效的延展互助平台。

Foreign mega-cities have experienced the transformationprocess from the departmental single kind disaster management system to the he whole government integrated security management system. Finally,they set hypostaticsafety management departments with high administrative rank,and effectively mobilizes and coordinate various resources. The foreign security management system clarifyinstitutional responsibilities, strengthen internal cooperation,and clear the security management authority and responsibility of each department by their law, institution,or specific task table. Foreign megacities strengthen cross-regional cooperativegovernance and regional joint institutional structure, which provides an effective extending reciprocal platform for extreme disasters or security risks.