城市暴雨沥涝数学模型的研究与应用

A Mathematical Modeling of Urban Rainstorm Water Logging:Research and Application

为解决城市沥涝问题,以二维非恒定流方程为基本控制方程,按照水量平衡法改进的有限体积法思想,结合城市复杂的汇流特点,提出了一种分区分层的计算模式,构建了二维城市暴雨沥涝数学模型,包含了社区汇流、路网汇流、管网汇流和河道汇流4个计算模块。以天津市示范区段为研究对象,依次模拟了2009—2015年10次降雨过程,分析对比了验证点积水水位和湘江道的津河液位。模拟结果显示,河道液位模拟值与实测值变化趋势基本一致,两者平均值之间的误差均<10 cm,表明了模型具有一定的计算精度,可用于城市内涝监测预报,同时也为城市暴雨沥涝数学模型研究提供了新的方法和思路。

To solve the problem of urban rainstorm water logging, a partitioned and stratified calculation pattern is used in the model which is established on the basis of two-dimensional unsteady flow theory and finite volume method improved by hydrologic budget. In view of complicated city water runoff, the model mainly simulates urban community ,street, network of drains and river flow. Data of 10 rainfalls from 2009 to 2015 in the demonstration area of Tianjin is used in the model to analyze and compare the water levels of verification points and Jinhe river. Results show that both of the average values differ less than 10 cm, indicating that the model is of precision and can be applied to forecasting urban water logging. It provides a new method and idea for the mathematical modeling of urban rainstorm waterlogging.