厦门西部海域春季游泳动物资源的调查研究

Investigation on nekton resources of spring in the west sea areas of Xiamen

根据2015年3月厦门西部海域游泳动物资源调查资料,对该海域的游泳动物组成特征进行了初步探讨。结果显示,共捕获游泳动物98种,其中鱼类51种、虾类16种、蟹类23种、口足类5种、头足类3种。优势种类有日本蟳(Charybdis japonica)、脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda)、凤鲚(Coilia mystus)、叫姑鱼(Johnius belengerii)和哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)等5种。各站位游泳动物Margalef丰富度指数(D)平均值为5.358,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')平均值为2.365,Pielou均匀度指数(J')平均值为0.732,平均资源量为307.068 kgkm2。鱼类、虾类、蟹类、口足类、头足类的资源量分别为192.7、28.8、72.7、7.9、5.0 kg/km2。与历史资料比较,游泳动物的种类和资源量均明显下降,亟需加强渔业资源的管理与保护。

Based on the survey data of nekton resources in the west sea areas of Xiamen in March 2015, a preliminary study on the characteristics of nektons in the areas was made . The results showed that the total kinds of captured nektons were 98, which consisted of 51 kinds of fish, 16 kinds of shrimps, 23 kinds of crabs, 5 kinds of stomatopods and 3 kinds of cephalopods. Charybdis japonica, Exopalaemon carinicauda, Coilia mystus, Johnius belengerii and Parapenaeopsis hardwickii dominated in the areas. The average values of Margalef richness index, Shannon Wiener diversity index and Pielou uniformity index were respectively as follows 5. 358,2. 365 and 0. 732. The average biomass of captured nektons was 307. 068 kg/ km2. The bi-omass of fish, shrimps, crabs, stomatopods and cephalopods were 192.7, 28. 8 , 72. 7 , 7. 9 and 5. 0 kg/ km2,respectively. Compared with the historical data, the species and the resources of nektons decreased ob-viously. It is necessary to strengthen the management and protection of fishery resources.