护士情绪劳动策略与情绪耗竭及年龄相关性的分析

Correlations of emotional labor strategies, emotional exhaustion and ages in nurses

目的：探讨护士情绪劳动策略（表层表现和深层表现）与情绪耗竭及年龄的相关性，为针对不同年龄护士的情绪耗竭预防建议提供依据。方法采用横断设计，2014年9—11月使用情绪劳动量表和工作倦怠量表对304名护士进行调查，使用Pearson相关分析检验情绪劳动策略与情绪耗竭和年龄的相关性。结果护士的表层表现策略得分与情绪耗竭得分呈正相关（r＝0.32，P〈0.01），深层表现策略得分与情绪耗竭得分呈负相关（r＝－0.17，P〈0.01）；护士的年龄与表层表现策略得分无相关性（r＝－0.01，P＝0.929），与深层表现策略得分呈正相关（ r＝0.12，P〈0.05）。结论护士所使用的不同情绪劳动策略与情绪耗竭的相关性不同，随着年龄的增长，护士会更多的使用深层表现策略。

Objective To explore the correlations of emotional labor strategies （ surface acting, deep acting） , emotional exhaustion and ages in nurses so as to provide references for prevention of emotional exhaustion in nurses of different ages. Methods Sectional design was adopted to investigate the status of 304 nurses with the emotional labor scale and the Maslach burnout inventory scale from September 2014 to November 2014. Moreover, Pearson correlation analysis was used to test the the correlations of emotional labor strategies, emotional exhaustion and age.Results The score of the strategies of surface acting had a significantly positive correlation with the score of emotional exhaustion of nurses （ r=0.32, P〈0.01） , while the score of the strategies of deep acting had a negative correlation with the score of emotional exhaustion of nurses （r=0.17, P〈0.01）. The nurses′ages had no correlation with the score of the strategies of surface acting （ r=0.01, P=0.929） , but it had a positive correlation with the score of the strategies of deep acting （r=0.12, P〈0.05）.Conclusions There was different correlations between emotional labor strategies and emotional exhaustion. With the increase of the age, nurses tend to use the strategies of deep acting.