长时间远洋航海人员功能性腹胀的流行病学调查与干预措施

Epidemiological investigation and intervention measures of functional abdominal bloating in personnel undertaking prolonged sea voyage

目的调查执行长时间远洋航海人员功能性腹胀的发病率,分析与该疾病相关的危险因素,提出相应的防治措施。方法运用整群抽样的调查方法,选择2012年6~12月执行长时间远洋航海人员作为调查对象,对305名执行长远航任务人员进行功能性腹胀发病率及危险因素问卷调查,采用多因素Logistic回归分析法分析功能性腹胀的危险因素。结果长时间远洋航海人员功能性腹胀的发病率为34.9%,高于普通人群的发病率,女性发病率高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。机电部门功能性腹胀发病率为49.6%,高于其他部门,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,精神紧张、高蛋白饮食、工作强度大、辛辣食物、晕船史、吸烟为功能性腹胀的危险因素(P<0.05,OR值>1)。结论长时间远洋航海人员功能性腹胀的发病率较高,危险因素多样。制订科学合理的干预措施,对保障长远航人员的健康,顺利完成任务,具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the incidence of functional abdominal bloating （FB） in personnel undertaking pro- longed sea voyage and analyze the risk factors associated with the disease, and put forward the corresponding preven- tion measures. Methods Cluster sampling survey method was used. The personnel undertaking prolonged sea voyage from June to December 2012 were selected as research objects. 305 personnel undertaking prolonged sea voyage were surveyed by a questionnaire survey on the incidence and risk factors. The risk factors of FB were analyzed by multiari- able Logistic regression. Results The incidence of FB was 34.9% in personnel undertaking prolonged sea voyage, which was higher than that in the general population, meanwhile the incidence of women was higher than that of men, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. The incidence of FB in department of mechanical was 49.6%, which was higher than that in other departments, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.01）. By multiariable Logi^- tic regression analysis, it was showed that mental stress, high protein diet, work strength, spicy food, history of seasick- ness, smoking were possible risk factors of FB （P 〈 0.05, OR values〉l）. Conclusion The incidence of FB in personnel undertaking prolonged sea voyage is high, risk factors are varied. In order to ensure the health of personnel undertaking prolonged sea. voyage and complete the task smoothly, it is of great significance to formulate scientific and reasonable intervention measures.