呼吸训练对小儿急性支气管炎的影响

Influence of respiratory training on children acute bronchitis

目的探讨呼吸训练对小儿急性支气管炎的影响。方法 分析2015年3月~2016年2月沈阳市儿童医院急性支气管炎患儿200例的临床资料,根据是否实施呼吸训练进行分组,对照组（常规的护理措施）100例和呼吸训练组（常规护理措施联合呼吸训练）100例。观察两组患儿护理前后氧分压和二氧化碳分压,咳嗽、咳痰、肺部湿啰音消失时间。结果 对照组和呼吸训练组急性支气管炎患儿护理前氧分压[（65.8±8.7）、（65.9±8.6）mm Hg]（1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa）和二氧化碳分压[（50.7±2.2）、（51.1±2.3）mm Hg]比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;对照组和呼吸训练组护理后氧分压[（76.7±8.5）、（86.8±8.2）mm Hg]均高于护理前,二氧化碳分压[（45.2±2.5）、（37.6±2.4）mm Hg]均低于护理前,呼吸训练组护理后氧分压均高于对照组,二氧化碳分压低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）;呼吸训练组咳嗽[（4.0±1.2）d]、咳痰[（3.7±1.3）d]、肺部湿啰音消失时间[（5.0±1.1）d]均低于对照组[（5.1±1.2）、（5.4±1.4）、（5.2±1.1）、（6.7±1.0）d],呼吸训练组肺炎发生率（0%）和复发率（1%）均低于对照组（8%、10%）,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。结论 呼吸训练在急性支气管炎患儿中应用,可以改善患儿的氧分压和二氧化碳分压,降低临床症状消失时间,提高预后水平,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To approach the influence of respiratory training on children acute bronchitis. Methods Clinical data of 200 children with acute bronchitis in Shenyang Children＇s Hospital from March 2015 to February 2016 were an- alyzed, they were divided into two groups according whether implement breathing training or not, control group （con- ventional nursing measures） 100 cases and breathing training group （conventional nursing measures compared with res- piratory training） 100 cases. The PaO2 and PaC02 of two groups before and after nursing, the dyspnea, cough, expecto- ration, wet lung rale extinction time, pneumonia, recurrence rate of two groups were detected. Results The PaO2 [（65.8± 8.7）, （65.9±8.6） mmHg] （1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa） and PaC02 [（50.7±2.2）, （51.1±2.3） mmHg] of the control group and breathing training group had no statistically significant difference （P 〉 0.05）, the Pa02 [（76.7±815）, （86.8±8.2）mmHg] of control group and breathing training group after nursing were higher than before nursing; the PaC02 [（45.2±2.5）, （37.6±2.4） mmHg] were lower than before nursing, the PAO2[（76.7±8.5）, （86.8±8.2）mmHg] of the control group and the breath- ing training group after nursing were higher than before nursing,PaC02 [（45.2±2.5）, （37.6±2.4） mmHg] were lower than before nursing; the Pa02 of the breathing training group after nursing was higher than before nursing, PaCOz was lower than the control group, the differences were statistically significant （all P 〈 0.05）; the dyspnea [（3.8±2.3） d], cough [（4.0±2.2） d], expectoration [（3.7±1.3） d], wet lung rale extinction time [（5.0±.1）d] of the breathing training group were lower than those of the control group [（5.1±1.2）, （5.4±1.4）, （5.2±1.1）, （6.7±1.0） d], incidence rate of pneumonia （0%）, recurrence rate （1%） of the breathing training group were lower than those of the control group （8%,10%）, the differ- ences wer statistically significant （all P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The application of respiratory training in children acute bronchitis can improve Pa02 and PaC02 of children, decrease clinical symptoms extinction time, increase prognostic level, decrease~ recurrence rate, it is worthy of clinical application.