人类免疫缺陷病毒-反式转录激活因子蛋白在心血管疾病中的作用研究现状

Research progress of human immunodeficiency virus-trans activator of transcription protein in cardiovascular diseases

人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)-反式转录激活因子(Tat)蛋白是人类免疫缺陷病毒I型(HIV^(-1))基因所编码的一种反式转录激活因子,在HIV复制和HIV感染相关的扩张型心肌病、动脉粥样硬化、冠心病和长QT间期综合征等心血管系统疾病的发生发展中起重要调控作用。HIV-Tat蛋白的蛋白转导域具有穿膜特性,可将外源性生物学分子携带进入多种哺乳动物细胞,且不具有细胞毒性。为此HIV-Tat蛋白的这一功能可应用到药物转运及疾病治疗等领域,这为生物学研究开辟了一条新途径。本文对HIV-Tat蛋白在HIV相关的心血管系统疾病中的作用和机制以及在医学相关领域中的研究现状进行了综述。

Human immunodeficiency virus（ HIV）- trans activator of transcription（ Tat） is a protein encoded by the gene of human immunodeficiency virus type-1（ HIV-1）,which is a trans- activator of transcription. It plays an important role in the generation and progression of HIV related cardiovascular diseases such as dilated cardiomyopathy,atherosclerosis, coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and long QT interval syndrome. The protein transduction domain（ PTD） of HIV- Tat protein has the characteristic of penetrating membrane,which can take exogenous biological molecules into a variety of mammalian cells without toxicity. Therefore,this function of HIV- Tat protein has been used to enhance delivery of drugs and in the treatment of human diseases. In this paper,we reviewed the function and mechanism of HIV- Tat protein in HIV related cardiovascular diseases,and its research actuality in medical related field.