穆斯林移民与西欧国家的融合模式探究

An Exploration of the Integration of Muslim Immigrants in Western European Countries

随着进入西欧国家穆斯林人数的增加,穆斯林移民如何融入当地社会成为一个重要社会议题。西欧国家为了促进穆斯林移民融入当地社会,分别推出"同化"、"多元文化"和"客籍工人"等三种融合模式。不过,由于伊斯兰文化与欧洲基督教文化之间存在不小差异,加上穆斯林移民人口迅速增加,导致穆斯林移民无法适应西欧国家的教育和就业体制,陷入社会底层。"9.11"事件之后,尤其在法国、荷兰、英国和德国等国相继发生穆斯林青年制造的袭击刺杀事件,西方社会产生了"伊斯兰恐惧症"。西欧各国政府和社会认为穆斯林移民的融合是失败的。

With the increase of the number of Muslims immigrants entering Western Europe,their integration into local society has become an important social issue.In order to promote the local integration of Muslim immigrants,Western European countries put forward the three integration modes: 'assimilation','multiculturalism'and 'Gastarbeiter( immigrant worker) '. However,the big difference between Islamic culture and the Christian culture in Europe and the rapid increase in the number of Muslim immigrant population make Muslim immigrants unable to accommodate the education and employment system in Europe and stuck in the bottom of society. After the events of 11 September,especially after the events of stabbings and attacks of the Muslim youth in France,the Netherlands,Britain and Germany,a sense of 'Islamophobia'has intensified in these Western countries. The governments and the societies in Western Europe believe the integration of Muslim immigrants has failed.