代际投入与农村老年人代际经济支持:代际合作与家庭效用

Intergenerational Investment and Intergenerational Economic Support of the Ｒural Elderly: Intergenerational Cooperation and Family Utility

基于一项具有全国代表性的抽样调查数据,文章通过Logistic多元估计模型与倾向值匹配等量化方法,以代际投入对农村老年人代际经济支持的影响分析为切入点,回应了代际合作与家庭效用关系的经典命题。结果表明:父代经济收入与子代数量,影响着子代投入与农村老年人代际经济支持之间的关系。在三代的代际交换中,给予孙代的投入对农村老年人代际经济支持产生显著性影响,并且存在着稳健性的正向效应。在三代的代际合作中,给予孙代的投入对家庭效用产生了正向显著性影响。文章指出了代际合作与农村老年人家庭效用之间的正向关系,生育偏好成为影响农村老年人家庭效用的重要参数,并说明了代际交换的不平衡以及子代家庭效用增长等问题。

By analyzing a nationally representative survey data, this paper responds to the classic proposition of the relationship between family intergenerational cooperation and family utility, focusing on the influence of intergenerational investment on the intergenerational economic support of the rural elderly in China. Using logistic multivariate model and propensity score matching method, we have found that parent income and number of offspring affect the relationship between offspring investment and rural elderly intergenerational economic support. In the three-generation intergenerational ex- change, the investment on the grandchild generation has a significantly positive impact on the intergen- erational economic support of the rural elderly. In the three-generation inter-generational cooperation, the investment on the third generation has a positive impact on family utility. In the context of the posi- tive relationship between intergenerational cooperation and utility of rural elderly family, fertility prefer- ences become an important parameter affeding family utility, being aware of the imbalance of inter- generational exchange and the growth of the child-generation family utility.