新疆2012年水足迹计算与分析

Water Footprint Calculation and Analysis of Xinjiang in 2012

运用投入产出分析法计算并分析新疆2012年的水足迹,结果表明:新疆2012年总水足迹为292.52×108m3,人均水足迹为1 283.94m3。总水足迹中虚拟水消费量为279.68×108 m3,其中72.20%用于居民和政府消费,27.80%用于资本形成。水足迹自给率为80.56%,对内部水足迹依赖度较高;水资源经济效益值为25.66元·m-3,水足迹价值兑换比例为3.31,水资源经济效益值较低;水资源压力指数为0.68,60%以上的水资源压力来源于虚拟水流出。实现新疆水资源可持续利用可通过优化产业结构、调整居民虚拟水消费结构以降低水足迹,优化贸易结构以发挥虚拟水贸易对平衡水资源供需矛盾、提高水资源利用效率的调节功能。

From the perspective of water consumption quantify human＇s consumption of water resources, and to evaluate the level and efficiency of water resources has a realistic significance to the sustainable develop- ment of water resource. Calculate the water footprint of Xinjiang for 2012 based on water input-output method , it shows that： the total water footprint was 29. 25 billion m3, per capital water footprint is 12.84 m3. Virtual water consumption in the total water footprint is 28.00 billion m3, 72. 20% of which used for residents and government consumption, 27.80% for capital formation. The self-sufficiency rate of water footprint is 80. 56 %, showing that the dependence of the internal water footprint is higher. The water economic value is 25.66 yuan per m3, water footprint value conversion ratio is 3.31, the water resources eco- nomic benefit is lower. The water resource pressure index is 0.68, more than 60 % of which is derived from the virtual water flow out. Water resources sustainable utilization of water resources in Xinjiang are available from adjusting the residents consumption structure to reduce water footprint, and optimizing the structure of virtual water trade to play the role to balance the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources and adjust function to improve water use efficiency.