宁夏城市化与生态环境耦合协调关系

Coupling Relationship between Urbanization and Eco-environment in Ningxia,China

城市化与生态环境之间存在着复杂的交互耦合关系。本文以宁夏5个地级市的社会、经济、环境等数据为基础,构建城市化与生态环境的耦合协调度模型,并比较5个地级市在2001—2013年的城市化与生态环境耦合协调度的动态变化。结果表明:(1)城市化和生态环境两个子系统中贡献份额最大的指标分别为经济城市化和生态压力;城市化综合水平和生态环境综合水平均呈现稳定上升趋势;(2)不同城市的耦合协调模式有着不同的演化特征,银川总体处于转型发展的基本协调-生态环境滞后阶段,石嘴山处于基本协调-城市化滞后向基本协调转变阶段,吴忠、固原和中卫总体处于基本不协调向转型发展的基本协调-城市化滞后转变阶段;(3)相比于京津冀等发达地区,宁夏的城市化与生态环境耦合协调水平较为落后。宁夏需把握机遇,深入推进沿黄城镇带建设和宁南区域中心城市与大县城建设,促进全区城市化与生态环境之间的协调发展。

A complicated interactive coupling system exists between the urbanization and eco-environment. Taking Ningxia as an example, this paper constructs the coupling coordination degree evaluation model of urbanization and eco-environment, then analyzes and compares the characteristics of dynamic change of the urbanization and eco-environment coupling coordination degree of five cities from 2001 to 2013. The results reveal that economic urbanization and ecological pressure sub-systems contribute to the largest share to the urbanization and eco-environment. Comprehensive level of urbanization and eco-environment both show a trend of steady rise. In the coupling coordination degree and under three different share cases, the sub-sys- tems of urbanization and eco-environment present the consistent coupling coordination degree which is of linear stability. But coupled coordination degree has diverse evolution character in different cities. In gener- al, Yinchuan is in a phase of transitional development, and it is in the basically balanced development with eco-environment lagged. Shizuishan is in the transitional phase from basically balanced development with ur- banization lagged to basically balanced development. Wuzhong, Guyuan and Zhongwei are in the transitional phase from unbalanced development to basically balanced development with urbanization lagged. Compared to the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and other developed regions, the coupling coordination level of urbaniza- tion and eco-environment in Ningxia is relatively lagging behind, and the former has generally entered the senior coordinated development period about in 2005. Ningxia should promote the development with the aim of coordinated development between urbanization and eco-environment.