高架道路降雨径流水质的污染控制试验研究

Pollution Control for Storm Runoff Water Quality on Elevated Road

通过模拟上海高架道路降雨径流水质,基于生物滞留设施的原理设计小试和中试反应器,对比了以陶粒和沸石为介质的生物滞留设施对高架道路雨水径流的处理条件及效果,初步讨论了介质层结构对处理效果的影响。结果表明,基质强化生物滞留设施的水力负荷应不大于1m^3/(m^2·d);沸石基质对COD、TP和NH_3-N的去除效果好于陶粒,其相应去除率分别为74%、87%和71%,装置运行期间出水水质达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)中Ⅲ类标准;沸石基质适应水力负荷范围较大,更适于处理水力负荷变化较大的雨水径流;添加沸石层后单位时间内污染物去除效率提高40%左右。

Through simulating the storm runoff water quality on elevated roads in Shanghai, lab and pilot-scale reactors were designed based on the principle of bioretention facilities. The treatment con- ditions and effect of the storm runoff by bioretention facility using ceramsite as media were compared with those using zeolite media, and the influence of the media layer structure on the treatment effect was investigated. The results showed that the hydraulic load of bioretention facilities enhanced by adding media should be not more than 1 m^3/（m^2 · d）. The removal efficiency of COD, TP and NH3 -N by zeolite media was higher than that by ceramsite media, with the removal rates of 74%, 87% and 71%, respec- tively. The effluent quality could meet the class HI criteria specified in the Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water （GB 3838 -2002）. Zeolite media could adapt to a wide range of hydraulic load and was more suitable for treating rainfall runoff with a large variation of hydraulic load. The removal effi- ciency of pollutants was increased by 40% by adding zeolite layer.