论污染物的负价值因素

Discussion on the negative value factors of pollutants

污染物是联合生产中的一个有害产品,是引致环境污染的物质。本文在马克思主义经济学的框架内,对污染物负价值的现实形成过程进行了考察。研究认为,污染物负价值具有成本特性,对污染物排放进行严格限制,是确保污染物负价值能顺利生产和实现的前提条件;污染物无害化处理的协作有助于提高生产率,并促进其部门化和污染物交易市场的形成;社会扩大再生产的顺利进行要求投入污染物无害化处理的生活资料价值与生产资料价值相等;单位污染物的负价值量是企业个别负价值量的一个加权平均。本质上,污染物负价值是有用品价值的对偶,环境污染问题是经济发展不健康的一种表现形式。

Pollutant is a harmful product in the joint production process, and it will lead to environmental pollution. This paper analyzes the formation process of negative value of pollutants under the framework of Marx＇ s economics. The research shows that the negative value of pollutants has cost characteristics, and that strict limit on emission of pollutants is the prerequisite to guarantee smooth production and realization of negative value of pollutants. Collaboration of harmless treatment of pollutants is conductive to increase productivity, promote departmentalization, and promote the formation of pollutant trading markets. To ensure the smooth running of social expanded reproduction, the value of living materials which are invested into harmless treatment process should be equal to the value of production materials invested. The negative value of per unit pollutant is the weighted average of negative value of individual enterprise. In essence, the negative value of pollutants is the duality of the value of goods, and environmental pollution is an expression of unhealthy economic development.