黔南地区农村布依族和苗族妇女骨质疏松症患病影响因素的比较研究

Influencing factors of osteoporosis among rural women of Buyei nationality and Miao nationality in Qiannan Autonomous Prefecture: a comparative study

目的探讨黔南地区农村布依族和苗族妇女骨质疏松症患病的影响因素,并比较两民族危险因素,为两民族妇女骨质疏松症的干预措施提供依据。方法对2015年1月-2016年3月在贵州省黔南州中医医院就诊确诊为骨质疏松症妇女共967例作为研究对象,按民族分布依族组498例和苗族组469例,采用自行设计的《黔南州农村妇女骨质疏松症患病影响因素调查表》进行问卷调查,并对影响妇女骨质疏松症患病的相关因素进行Logistic多元回归分析。结果布依族组年龄、居住环境、居住建筑、怀孕次数、生育次数、绝经年限、饮酒、饮绿茶、饮食习惯、BMI和中心性肥胖与苗族组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元Logistic线性回归分析表明,年龄、依水而居、石板房屋、怀孕次数≥3次、生育次数≥3次、绝经年限>10年、喜欢食腌制食品及有中心性肥胖等是两民族妇女患骨质疏松症的主要影响因素,体质指数(BMI)≥28.0 kg/m2、饮酒、饮绿茶、喜食肉类和大豆类食品是保护因素。结论黔南地区农村布依族和苗族妇女骨质疏松症患病影响因素有一定的差别。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of osteoporosis among rural women of Buyei nationality and Miao nationality in Qiannan Autonomous Prefecture, compare the risk factors between Buyei nationality Women and Miao nationality women, provide a basis for taking corresponding intervention measures of osteoporosis. Methods A total of 967 women diagnosed as osteoporosis definitely in the hospi- tal from January 2015 to March 2016 were selected as study object, then they were divided into Buyei nationality group （498 women） and Miao nationality group （469 women） , a self-designed questionnaire was used to survey the influencing factors of osteoporosis among rural women in Qiannan Autonomous Prefecture, the related influencing factors of osteoporosis among these women were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results There were statistically significant differences in age, living condition, residential architecture, the number of pregnancy, the number of birth, duration time of menopausal period, drinking, drinking green tea, food habits, body mass index （BMI）, and central obesity between Buyei nationality group and Miao nationality group （P〈0. 05 ） . Multivariate logistic linear regression analysis showed that age, living close to river bank, stone house, the number of pregnancy≥3, the number of birth ≥3, duration time of menopausal period〉 10 years, liking pickled food, and central obesity were main influencing factors of osteoporosis in the two groups; BMI≥ 28.0 kg/m2, drinking, drinking green tea, eating more meat, and eating soy foods were protective factors. Conclusion There are certain differences in the influencing factors of osteoporosis between Buyei nationality women and Miao nationality women in rural area of Qiannan Autonomous Prefecture.