化学脱胶制备芋叶柄纤维的研究

Preparation of taro petiole fiber by chemical degumming

以芋头秸秆-芋叶柄为原料,对芋叶柄的化学成分进行测试分析,采用一煮法制备芋叶柄纤维,考察碱煮的最佳工艺条件。对芋叶柄纤维进行回潮率测试和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征测试。结果表明,芋叶柄主要化学成分为35.01%(wt,质量分数,下同)水溶物、30.30%纤维素、14.53%半纤维素、8.83%木质素,这4种组分组成了芋叶柄主体。碱煮最佳工艺条件为NaOH用量10%、保温时间240min、平平加O用量4g/L。芋叶柄纤维的回潮率为5.81%,表面有明显的竖纹和沟槽,外观粗糙,不光滑;截面形状不规则且实体无空腔,纤维粗细不均匀,并且有短纤维粘连在一起,属于工艺纤维。

Taro petiole fiber was prepared by one-pot degumming and chemical composition of taro petiole was analysed and tested.Optimum process conditions of alkali cooking was investigated in the detail.Taro petiole fiber was tested by the moisture regain and SEM characterization.The results suggested that in the composition of taro petiole,35.01% water soluble,30.30% cellulose,14.53% hemi-celluloses and 8.83% lignin,which constituted the main components of taro petiole.The optimized preparation condition of alkali cooking were as follows：sodium hydroxide 10%,heat preservation time 240 minutes,levelling agent O 4g/L.Taro petiole fiber＇s moisture regain was 5.81%.On the surface of taro petioles fiber,obvious vertical stripes and grooves and rough surface can be seen.Cross section shape of taro petiole fiber was irregular and entity without cavity.Not only was the fiber inhomogeneous,but also it had chopped fiber adhesion pasted together which belonged to technical fibre.