论监督过失的限缩:以被允许的危险为视角

The Limitation of Supervision Negligence:In the Perspective of the Allowed Danger

风险社会下监督过失对于责任事故犯罪的预防具有积极意义,但为平衡社会发展与刑法的法益保护机能,监督过失也有适当限缩的必要。被允许的危险作为阻却违法事由具有限缩监督过失的功能。被允许的危险与监督过失的界限应重点通过考察监督者有无违反一定的行为注意规则、危险行为与被侵害法益间的利益衡量及有无履行必要的注意义务来综合认定。被允许的危险理论对于我国监督过失犯罪的刑事立法和司法均具有现实借鉴意义,从而为研究我国监督过失犯罪提供新的思路。

Under the risk society, the supervision negligence has the positive significance to the prevention of the crime of the responsibility accident. However, in order to balance the development of society and protection of legal interests of the criminal law, there is also necessary to limit the negligence of supervise. The allowed danger as a reason to hinder the illegality, has the function of limiting the supervision negligence. The border of the allowed danger and supervision negligence are primarily and comprehensively identified by investigating whether the supervisor has violated the attention rules of certain behavior, measuring the interests between the risk behaviors and the benefits of being infringed upon and whether they have fulfilled the necessary attention obligation. The allowed danger theory has the practical significance to the criminal legislation and the judicature in China, and providing a new way of thinking for the study of supervision negligence crime in our country.