私人部门在国际法规范形成和发展中的作用

The Role of the Private Sector in the Formation and Development of International Law

国际法规范多被认为是体现国家利益的国家间意志的妥协。实际上,自近现代国际法形成之日起,国际法规范在很大程度上就是以公司为典型代表的私人部门推动的结果。在国际法规范的形成和发展过程中,跨国公司起到了至关重要的作用,国际贸易制度及知识产权领域的主要协定等就是它们意志的体现。我们必须重视私人部门在未来国际规范形成中的地位,以人类长远利益和共同利益为导向来影响、激励它们在国际法治建设中的正面作用,从人权保护的高度促使它们认识到其社会责任并体现于国际法规范之中。

Norms of international law are considered the compromise of the wills of nations in reflection of their respec- tive national interests. As a matter of fact, since the formation of modern and contemporary international law, many norms of international law have been the results of the promotion and lobbying by the private sector （ the company as a typical rep- resentative）. In the process of establishing and developing international law, transnational corporations play a crucial role, and certain norms （such as major agreements in the field of intellectual property rights） are the manifestations of their wills. Therefore, it is crucial to maintain the focus on the status of the private sector in the future development of interna- tional norms. The long-term interests and the common interests of mankind should be used as guides to influence and en- courage the private sector to play the positive role in forming international laws, and the protection of human rights should be utilized as a tool of promoting the involvement of the private sector in the establishment of international rule of law.