基于加工资源的零件分类成组研究

Parts Clustering and Grouping Based on Manufacture Resource

多品种、小批量生产模式导致频繁的切换,产生了大量作业切换时间并影响了生产效率.为了缩短作业切换时间,提出一种基于加工资源的零件聚类分组遗传算法.首先对加工零件所需资源进行分类,不同类别资源再划分子类,0-1整数编码表示加工是否需要该项资源;其次根据加工资源对于作业切换时间长短的不同影响,确定核心加工资源和一般加工资源的权重.采用Jaccard系数计算零件间相似度,应用分组遗传算法确定零件的分类成组.最后以M航空紧固件企业零件为例进行验证.结果显示,分组遗传算法比系统聚类极小值法和K-means聚类法更有效地缩短了作业切换时间和提高了生产效率,并减少了单位成本.

There are a lot of changeovers in the multi-item and small lot size production mode, which leads to a longer setup time and influences productivity significantly. In order to shorten the setup time, a new part clustering method of grouping genetic algorithm based on manufacturing resource was proposed. First, the manufacturing resources required by the processing of the parts were classified, and each kind of resource contained some sub-item resource. The 0-1 integer coding was used to express the possession sta- tus of manufacturing resource. Then, according to the different influences of manufacturing resource on the setup time, the weights of core and general manufacturing resources were obtained, the similarity of the parts was calculated by Jaccard coefficient, and the parts were clustered by using the grouping genetic algorithm. The results of a computational experiment, taking the parts of M aerospace fastener enterprises as an example, show that the grouping genetic algorithm is superior to the hierarchical clustering minimi- zation method and K-means clustering, which effectively shortens the setup time, improves the production efficiency, and reduces the unit cost.