基于网络分析法的北京市石景山区公园绿地可达性研究

Accessibility Research of Shijingshan District Park Green Spaces in Beijing Based on Network Analysis

城市公园绿地是城市中向公众开放的,以游憩为主要功能,有一定的游憩设施和服务设施,同时兼有健全生态、美化景观、防灾减灾等综合作用的绿化用地。城市公园绿地的可达性是景观格局分析中的一项重要指标,其本质内涵是从城市空间中的任意一点到达公园绿地的便捷程度。该文首先阐述近年来研究景观可达性的各种主流方法,如建立空间分布模型、缓冲区法、最小邻近距离法、引力模型法、费用加权距离法,网络分析法等,分析每种方法的操作原理和优缺点。同时,以北京市石景山区公园绿地为研究对象,应用可达性原理,基于网络分析法,以到达公园绿地所需花费时间为阻力,分析北京市石景山区公园绿地的可达性,对其进行评价。

Urban park green spaces are the public spaces in cities. Their main function is recreation. They have several recreation facilities and service facilities. At the same time, they have the functions of improving ecological, beautifying the view, preventing and reducing disaster. Accessibility of urban park green spaces is an important index in the analysis of landscape pattern. Its essence is from any point in the urban space to reach the convenience of the park green spaces. In this paper, the main methods to study landscape accessibility in recent years are described, such as establishing the spatial distribution model, buffer method, minimum near distance method, gravity model method, cost weighted distance method, network analysis method, analyzing the principle, advantages and disadvantages of each method. Choosing Beijing Shijingshan district park green spaces as the research object, applying accessibility theory, basing on network analysis, as the time that reaching park green spaces required to spend for resistance, analyzing the accessibility of park green spaces in Beijing Shijingshan district, and evaluating it.