几种信阳毛尖茶的化学成分研究

Study on Chemical Compositions of Different Xinyang-Maojian Cultivars

以信阳地区栽种茶树品种为材料,研究不同茶树品种和采摘时间茶叶中主要化学成分含量差异.结果表明：水溶性总糖含量（%）在同期春季茶样中差异不显著,含量范围为（8.69～9.62）,冬茶中最高（20.90）;总黄酮含量（%）在茶树品种间差异显著（P〈0.05）,信阳本地种2最高（9.65）;总游离氨基酸含量（%）在茶树品种间的差异极显著（P〈0.01）,信阳本地种1（2.96）〉本地种2（1.86）〉福鼎大白茶（0.35）,随采摘时间变化显著,且氨基酸种类及其含量差异不同;茶多酚总量（%）在春季茶样中含量范围为7.17～8.38,冬茶中含量最低（0.59）,但单酚类物质含量（%）在茶树品种间差异较大,其中没食子酸、表儿茶素和表没食子儿茶素含量随采摘时间变化显著,而冬茶中除没食子酸含量比同种春茶增加81.69%外,其他单酚物质含量均显著下降;生物碱含量（%）在茶树品种间差异明显,随采摘时间延后而下降.

Tea planted in Xinyang were used as test materials to research the main chemical component content differences of different tea varieties and plucking time.The results showed that the water soluble total sugar content（%）has no significant difference in spring tea samples of same period with a content scope（8.69~9.62）,but Winter tea has the highest content（20.90）.The total flavonoids content（%）show significant difference between the tea varieties（P〈0.05）with the highest content 9.65 of Xinyang local specie II.The total free amino acid content display very significant differences between tea varieties（P〈0.01）,Xinyang local I（2.96）local II（1.86） Fudingdabaicha（0.35）,the content Changed significantly with picking time,and the species and content of different amino acids are different.The total tea polyphenols content range is 7.17~8.38 in the spring tea samples with the lowest content in winter tea（0.59）.While the single phenolics content（%）of the varieties show quite differences,and the content of Gallic acid,Epicatechin and Epigallocatechin gallate changed significantly with picking time.The Gallic acid content of winter tea increased by 81.69%than that of the same variety picked in spring,while other single phenol substance contents decreased significantly.Alkaloid content（%）displayed a apparent difference among the varieties,and the content declined with harvest time delay.