容器、基质和施肥对浙江楠容器大苗的影响

Influence of Container Size,Substrate and Fertilizer on Big Container-growing Seedling Quality of Phoebe chekiangensis

采用正交试验设计,研究容器规格、基质配比、缓释肥施肥量和复合肥施肥量等因素对浙江楠容器大苗苗高、地径、分枝数、干物质积累及根系形态等性状的影响。结果表明:不同试验处理对浙江楠生长和生物量影响有显著差异。容器规格对浙江楠生长和生物量影响达到极显著水平,复合肥施肥量对地下部干质量影响极显著,对地径和分枝数影响达到显著水平,而基质和缓释肥施肥量对浙江楠生长和生物量影响未达到显著水平。本试验所涉及的4个因素中,容器规格对浙江楠高生长影响最大,其次为基质配比,第三位为复合肥施肥量,最后为缓释肥施肥量。浙江楠3年生优质容器大苗培育最佳处理为容器规格(30 cm×30 cm×30 cm)、基质成分和配比(V(泥炭)∶V(黄心土)∶V(草木灰)=6∶3∶1)、缓释肥施肥量(每立方米基质施1.0 kg复合肥)和复合肥施肥量(每立方米基质施3.0 kg复合肥),其苗高和地径分别是对照的1.80倍、1.87倍。不同栽培处理对浙江楠根系长度、表面积和体积等性状影响达到显著或极显著水平。根系性状与生长性状相关分析表明,浙江楠粗根长度、表面积和体积等指标与其苗高和地径等生长指标间相关程度达到显著水平。

We studied the response of growth of big container seedlings to different cultivation measures with container size, sub- strate composition, slow release fertilizer and compound fertilizer amount by using the orthogonal experimental design. The effects of different treatments on the growth and biomass of Phoebe chekiangensis were significantly different. We observed the significant effect of container size on the growth and biomass of Phoebe chekiangensis. The compound fertilizer had sig- nificant or very significant effects on belowground dry weight, ground diameter and branching number. However, substrate composition and slow release fertilizer amount had insignificant effect on all characters. Among the four factors, the con- tainer size had the greatest influence on the height growth of Phoebe chekiangensis, followed by substrate composition, the compound fertilizer amount, and the slow release fertilizer amount. The cultivation measure under 30 cm× 30 cm×30 cm container size, substrate composition （Vpeat ： Vyellow soil ： Vplant ash=6 ： 3 ： 1）, 1.0 kg·m^-3 slow release fertilizer, and 3.0 kg ·m^-3 compound fertilizer amount was the optimal combination for the three years old container seeding of Phoebe cheki- angensis. Seedling height and ground diameter of the optional cultivation treatments were 1.8 and 1.87 times than those of the control, respectively. The different cultivation treatments had significant or very significant effects on root length, sur- face area, and volume of Phoebe chekiangensis. By correlation analysis of root traits and growth traits, the root length, sur- face area and volume of Phoebe chekiangensis was significantly correlated with the seedling height and diameter on ground of Phoebe chekiangensis.