大学生社会适应的影响因素及其培养途径——来自心理学的研究

The Predictors and Cultivation Approaches of Undergraduate Social Adjustment: A Psychological Perspective

大学生社会适应受到个体内部和外部因素的影响,内部因素包括情绪调控能力、自我效能、人格因素以及应对方式等,外部因素包括家庭和父母、社会支持、网络使用以及课外体育活动等等。在已有实证研究基础上,本研究提出培养大学生社会适应能力的几个途径:从中小学开始培养学生的积极心理品质;师长给予更多的关怀和支持;引导大学生正确使用网络工具;鼓励并组织大学生积极参加课外活动和体育锻炼。同时,本研究认为已有研究也存在一些不足:缺乏理论联系实际的整体设计和系统研究;与国外研究比较,国内研究更显薄弱;研究内容和对象都存在明显的局限性。

Undergraduate social adjustment is under the influence of internal and external factors of individuals.Internal factors include emotion regulation abilities,self-efficacy,personality,and coping style,while external factors include family and parents,social support,uuse of Internet,and extracurricular activities.Based on these researches,we propose several approaches of cultivating undergraduate social adjustment:to cultivate their individual positive psychological quality from childhood,parents and teachers should giving undergraduates more care and support,guide undergraduates to use Internet tools properly,to encourage and organize undergraduates to participate in extracurricular activities and sports.Additionally,we believe that existing researches have some limitations:lacking global design and systematic research by linking theory with practice;demestic research were weaker relative to research abroad;content and object of study have obvious limitations.