重庆市居民常见恶性肿瘤死因和流行趋势分析

Analysis of the deaths causes and epidemiological trends by malignant tumors in Chongqing residents

目的探讨重庆市居民常见恶性肿瘤死亡分布特点和变化趋势。方法选取全国死因调查和全国肿瘤登记数据库中的重庆市数据,对性别、地区和年龄组恶性肿瘤死亡率、肿瘤死因构成比和变化情况进行统计分析。结果 2004年至2005年,重庆市2区1县的恶性肿瘤死亡率为145.44/10万,世标率为126.05/10万。男性恶性肿瘤死亡水平(173.91/10万)为女性(58.77/10万)的2.96倍,农村(137.83/10万)高于城市(122.52/10万),肺癌是首位肿瘤死因。近40年来,大足县男性恶性肿瘤死亡率上升2.32倍,肺癌上升7.96倍;女性恶性肿瘤死亡率上升75.12%,肺癌上升4.94倍。九龙坡区男性恶性肿瘤的死亡率上升5.14%,肺癌上升82.58%;女性恶性肿瘤死亡率下降13.81%,肺癌上升16.22%。结论重庆市恶性肿瘤死亡率总体上升,其中,肺癌死亡率的上升呈现性别和地区的一致性。

Objective To investigate mortality,geographic distribution characteristics and epidemiological trends of malignant tumors in Chongqing. Methods All death records of cancer were extracted from the National Death Retrospective Survey Database and the National Cancer Registry Database. Mortality,composition of all cancer deaths and the changes were calculated at the level of gender,area and age.Results From 2004 to 2005,the mortality due to malignant tumors in 2 cities and 1 county in Chongqing was 145. 44 per 100 000 persons. Age standardized mortality rate（ ASR world） was 126. 05 per 100 000 persons. ASR world of males（ 173. 91 per 100 000） was 2. 96 times that of females（ 58. 77 per 100 000）and ASR world in rural areas（ 137. 83 per 100 000） was higher than urban areas（ 122. 52 per 100 000）.Lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer death. Compared with the mortality data in the recent 40 years,ASR world of Dazu County increased 2. 32 folds among males and 75. 12% among females. Especially the lung cancer mortality increased 7. 96 folds among males and 4. 94 folds among females. In 2007,ASR world in Jiulongpo District increased 5. 14% among males and decreased 13. 81% among females,and lung cancer mortality increased 82. 58% among males and 16. 22% among females. Conclusion The mortality of malignant tumors was increased in Chongqing. The increased trends of lung cancer mortality have consistency in gender and area with those of national average.