对镍合金冶炼工艺的改进优化(Ⅲ)

IMPROVEMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF NICKEL ALLOY SMELTING PROCESS(Ⅲ)

肯定了Ni系列合金冶炼中取得的成果、积累的经验以及基础冶炼技术的提高,同时又提出了要进一步加深对合金冶炼理论和冶炼特点的理解、分析、认识,才能改进冶炼操作技术,提高冶炼技术水平,使高温熔融还原冶炼Ni合金的水平进一步提高。"非电"冶炼工艺还处于研发阶段,主要对低温焙烧还原中,NiO、FeO的硅酸盐形态及氧化物形态参与反应进行了实践研究,Ni、Fe都能得到充分反应,制得不同成分的Ni系列合金,回收率≥96%。经过实践研究得到了焙烧还原的最佳条件是:焙烧温度为1 350℃,配碳量C/O=1.3,CaO加入量为20%,焙烧时间为60 min,即得出界面化学反应是冶炼反应的限制性环节。建议集中精力开发焙烧还原冶炼工程的研究,在我国尽快建立焙烧还原冶炼Ni系列合金的生产模式,选择优质还原剂降低合金中的杂质,冶炼出优质合金,形成自己的焙烧还原冶炼Ni系列合金的生产体系。

The achievements, experience and advancements of smelting process of nickel alloy series were recognized in this paper. Meanwhile, in order to improve the operational skill and raise the technological level, the further understands, analysis and recognizes were proposed to enhance the high-temperature smelting reduction process of nickel alloy. ‘Non-electric＇ smelting process is still in developmental stages. The participation of silicates type and oxides type of NiO and FeO in low-temperature roasting reduction were studied experimentally, which showed the complete reaction of Ni and Fe, as well as the products of nickel alloy series of different grades with the recovery more than 96%.Furthermore, the optimal conditions of roasting reduction are roasting temperature of 1 350 ℃, carbon/oxygen molar ratio（C/O） of 1.3, the content of CaO of 20% and roasting time of 60 min. The restrictive step turned out to be the interfacial chemical reaction. The paper proposed to focus on the research of roasting reduction engineering and establish Chinese manufacturing system of roasting reduction of nickel alloy series. In the meantime, the high quality reductants is expected to be selected to decrease the impurities thus improve the quality of alloy products, in order to form particular manufacturing system of roasting reduction of nickel alloy series.