从文本世界理论看意识流戏剧文本的语用技巧

A Text-World-Theory-Based Analysis of Pragmatic Skills Used in Drama Texts Characterized with Consciousness Flow

从文本世界理论视角,可以窥见意识流戏剧文本常见的语用技巧。花园路径叙事技巧是作者刻意倒置相关文本世界与亚世界,成功利用了读者对亚世界信息可信度的不可达性,或巧妙操控了读者相关的文化预设。该技巧创设了悬念,增强了情节铺陈的不可预测性,使读者更细腻地认知人物性格的多面性与多变性。戏剧文本话语类型的选择常突现偏离,暗示文本世界或亚世界隐性的切换,折射出人物意识在不同时空中的自发流动,显示其心猿意马,思绪纷乱。认知这一点有助读者窥视人物的心理,更好地理解人物性格。意识流戏剧文本包含多层"世界",其交叉纷呈,但乱中有序,具有潜在的、强烈的对比性。因此,通过有效整合相关的文本世界和亚世界,比较不同的时空和人际等关系,读者可挖掘出文本潜在逻辑关系,即蕴含的社会意义。

From the perspective of Text World Theory,this paper tentatively makes an analysis about the pragmatic skills used in drama texts characterized with complicated consciousness flows.First,the essence of the garden-path narrative strategy is the author＇s deliberate reversing or misplacing the related text world and sub-world.Its success lies in the author＇s use of readers＇ non-accessibility to the sub-worlds,or in his manipulation of their related cultural presupposition.This skill creates suspension,increasing the unpredictability of the storyline.As a result,people could have a better understanding about characters＇ capricious or changeable personalities.Second,in drama texts,people often find sudden deviations in the choices of utterance types,which actually implies the implicit switch of worlds,reflecting the character＇s spontaneous or uncontrollable consciousness flow across different spaces and suggesting their mental restlessness or confused train of thought.Understanding this helps the people better read the mind of the character and understand the characterization better.Third,drama texts characterized with consciousness flows include various levels of＂worlds＂,which appear disorderly but is conceptually contrastive.In view of this,people could make necessary crossworld integration,through which different spaces or relationship could be compared or blended so as to work out the underlying logical relationship or the implied social meaning of the drama text