围术期营养支持护理对直肠癌根治术后患者机体功能恢复及情绪的改善

Perioperative nutrition support nursing in improving body function recovery and emotion of patients after rectal cancer radical operation

目的研究围术期营养支持护理对直肠癌根治术后患者机体功能恢复及情绪的改善情况的影响。方法选取我院2013年11月至2014年11月直肠癌患者68例,随机分为观察组与对照组两组,每组34例,观察组患者给予围术期营养支持护理,对照组给予常规护理,比较两组患者术后各项指标恢复情况,手术前后营养状况改善情况、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分和并发症发生率。结果观察组患者直肠癌根治术后胃管留置时间、导尿管留置时间、肛门排气时间、首次排便时间、进食时间、首次下床时间、住院时间较对照组均显著较短(P<0.05);术后观察组体重(60.69±8.62)Kg、体质指数(22.06±2.25)Kg/m^2、白蛋白(38.76±2.39)g/L、前白蛋白(189.58±23.54)mg/L、转铁蛋白(221.56±45.66)mg/d L较对照组(56.35±8.36)Kg、(21.01±2.03)Kg/m^2、(37.45±2.18)g/L、(173.69±31.26)mg/L、(192.39±40.68)mg/d L显著较高(P<0.05);观察组SDS(42.36±4.42)分、SAS(47.28±5.78)分评分较对照组(49.58±5.68)分、(51.53±5.28)分显著较低(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症发生率为8.82%较对照组29.41%显著较低(P<0.05)。结论对直肠癌根治术后患者给予围术期营养支持护理,患者各项身体机能恢复更迅速,有效降低了患者术后并发症发生率,情绪得到明显改善,有临床应用推广价值。

Objective To study the effects of perioperative nutrition support nursing in improving body function recovery and emotion of patients after rectal cancer radical operation. Methods 68 cases of patients with rectal cancer who were admitted in our hospital between November 2013 and November 2014 were selected and randomized into observation group and control group, 34 cases in each group. The observation group was given perioperative nutrition support nursing while the control group was given routine nursing. The recovery of indexes after operation, the improvement of nutritional status before and after operation, scores of self rating depression scale（SDS） and self rating anxiety scale（SAS） and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results The gastric tube indwelling time, catheter indwelling time, anal exhaust time, initial defecation time, eating time, initial time of getting out of bed and length of hospital stay of the observation group was shorter than that of the control group（P〈0.05）; After operation, the body weight（60.69 ±8.62） Kg, body mass index（22.06±2.25） Kg/m^2, albumin（38.76±2.39） g/L, prealbumin（189.58±23.54） mg/L, transferrin（221.56±45.66）mg/dl of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group [（56.35 ±8.36） Kg,（21.01±2.03） Kg/m^2,（37.45±2.18） g/L,（173.69± 31.26） mg/L,（192.39±40.68） mg/d L]（P〈0.05）; The scores of SDS（42.36±4.42） and SAS（47.28±5.78） of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group [（49.58±5.68）,（51.53±5.28）]（P〈0.05）; The incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group（8.82%） was significantly lower than that in the control group（29.41%）（P〈0.05）. Conclusion To apply perioperative nutrition support nursing in patients after rectal cancer radical operation can fasten the recovery of function in patients, effectively reduce the incidence of postoperative complications, and improve the emotion. It is of clinical application value.