4～6岁幼儿词汇水平与会话能力的相关性研究

A Correlation Study of 4-6 Year-old Children’s Vocabulary Level and Conversation Ability

本研究以江苏南京市90名4～6岁幼儿为被试，利用词汇水平测试量表和幼儿会话语料来探讨其词汇水平与会话能力的相关性。研究发现：（1）4～6岁幼儿的词汇水平和整体会话能力随年龄的增长而提高，4岁到5岁的发展速度较快，5岁到6岁的发展速度减缓。（2）4-6岁幼儿的词汇水平与会话能力有显著相关性，主要表现为词汇水平与话轮转换、会话维持和会话修补能力相关。（3）4-6岁幼儿的词汇广度、词汇深度与会话能力各因素的相关性存在差异，主要表现为词汇广度与话轮转换、会话维持和会话修补能力的相关性高于词汇深度。研究者据此提出，幼儿园教师和家长应重视幼儿的词汇学习，可通过提高幼儿的词汇水平，以及捕捉幼儿感兴趣的话题等来促进幼儿词；IZ水平和会话能力的提高。

Using vocabulary level measure scale and children＇s conversational corpus and taking 90 4-6 year-old children from Nanjing as the subject, this research explores the correlation between children＇s vocabulary level and conversation abili- ty. The results show： （1） 4-6 year-old children＇s vocabulary level and their overall conversational ability improve with the age; they improve fast when children are 4-5 years-old and in the next two years the speed slows down; （2） 4-6 year-old children＇s vocabulary level is positively correlated with their conversational abihty; this correlation is mainly shown in vocabu- lary level and turn-taking, and conversational maintaining and conversational repair; （3） vocabulary breadth and depth are cor- related with all the elements of conversational ability differently; vocabulary breadth is more closely correlated with turn-tak- ing, and conversation maintaining with conversational repair than vocabulary depth. Based on the research results, the re- searchers provide some suggestions： kindergarten teachers and parents should pay sufficient attention to children＇s vocabulary learning; and children＇s vocabulary level and conversational ability can be improved through raising their vocabulary level and catching topics that interest them.