高性能探测成像与识别的研究进展及展望

Developments and prospects of high-performance detection imaging and identification

高性能探测成像与识别是现代信息科学领域发展最为迅速的前沿学科之一,近年来对其应用的迫切需求加速推动了该学科的发展.本文针对高性能探测成像与识别的4个重点领域,即多维度微波探测成像、微弱信号检测与识别、多模态成像理论与信息重建、计算成像理论与方法,较系统地阐述了这几个领域的概念与内涵、发展脉络与国内外研究现状、当前的研究热点与难点、典型应用及未来发展趋势,并对其中的一些科学问题进行了探讨和总结.尽管各个领域面临的具体问题各有不同,但均存在着一些共性基础性问题有待深入认知,主要表现在探测成像手段与目标之间的相互作用机理、探测成像的数据获取机制、探测成像后的目标参数特征提取与重建等几个方面.

High-performance detection imaging and identification is one of the frontier areas in modern information science. It has developed rapidly in recent years, and the urgent need for its applications has accelerated the development. In this paper, four key areas of high-performance imaging detection and identification, namely multidimensional microwave detection imaging, weak signal detection and recognition, multi-mode imaging theory and information reconstruction, and computational imaging theory and methods, are systematically expounded in the areas of concept and content, development status both at home and abroad, current popularity and difficulty,typical applications, and future developing trends. In addition, related scientific issues are discussed and summarized. Although the specific problems faced in each field differ from each other, some common and fundamental issues, which should be investigated, include the interaction mechanism between the imaging measures and the target, the acquisition mechanism of detection-imaging data, and target-feature extraction and reconstruction after detection imaging.