生物传感器在POCT中的应用研究

Biosensors in POCT Application

即时检测(POCT)是在病人旁边或现场进行的检测,因其简单、快速、便携且不受场所限制已成为目前体外分子诊断技术发展的一支风向标。而生物传感器以其快速、灵敏、高效、便携及易于自动化、微型化等优点在发展现场即时检测技术中具有非常大的潜力。近年来,随着生物传感技术、互联网技术的发展及各种新技术、新方法的兴起和融合,POCT技术和方法得到了实质性发展。本文简要介绍了生物传感器的分类和生物传感器在POCT中的应用现状,综述了近年来各类生物传感器在面向POCT检测应用的研究进展。生物传感器根据类型主要分为基于微流控芯片的生物传感器、基于纸的生物传感器、基于纳米材料的生物传感器、基于手机检测平台的生物传感器及集成的生物传感器等,并对这些传感器平台在POCT检测方面的应用做了阐述,最后对生物传感器在POCT应用中存在的问题进行了讨论,并对其发展趋势及前景做了展望。

Point-of-care testing（ POCT） is a test that performed at or near the site of patient care w henever the medical care is needed,POCT has become an indicator of in vitro diagnosis（ IVD） because of its simple,rapid,low cost,portable and w ithout being limited by the place. Biosensors possesses characteristics such as rapid,sensitive,high efficiency,portable and easy to automation and miniaturization,so they have great potential in the development of point-of-care testing technology. In recent years,w ith the development of the biosensor,internet technology and the rise of new and integrated technology, POCT device has obtained substantial progress. In this review,w e first briefly introduced the classification of the biosensors and described the state of the art of biosensors that could be performed in POCT,and then review ed the representative research progress of biosensors in POCT application. According to the emerging technologies,they are classified into microfluidics based biosensors for POCT,paper based biosensors for POCT,nanomaterials based biosensors for POCT,cell phone based biosensors for POCT and the integrated device for POCT. How ever, the successful commercialization and w idespread implementation of such viable technologies remained subject to several challenges and pending issues. Finally,w e discussed the current problems,the future development trend and prospects of biosensors for POCT application.