我国市售幼儿配方食品必需营养素含量分布研究

Study on distribution of essential nutrients content of commercial follow-up formula for young children

目的 了解我国12～36月龄幼儿配方食品中必需营养素的分布情况,特别是食品安全国家标准《较大婴儿和幼儿配方食品》（GB 10767-2010）中未设置上限的必需营养素的含量分布,以期为我国今后食品安全国家标准的修订提供参考。方法 收集我国市售幼儿配方食品共1 591例,对GB10767中规定的26种必需营养素含量进行收集、检测、整理,分析其营养素分布情况;对GB10767中未设置上限的16种必需营养素,假设其上限值为3倍和5倍国标下限,并分别与产品含量值进行对比分析,探讨假设的上限值对现有产品的影响。结果 我国市售幼儿配方食品中营养素含量分布较为均衡,个别营养素如蛋白质、维生素D和氯分布偏低,铁、铜和钠分布偏高。GB10767中未设置上限值的必需营养素,假设上限为3倍下限值时,P95是其0.78～2.79倍,最大值是其1.20～1 832.92倍;假设上限是5倍下限值时,P95是其0.47～1.67倍,最大值是其0.72～1 099.75倍。结论 对GB10767中未设置上限的必需营养素,市售产品含量基本能控制在国标下限值的3～5倍之间。但仍存在少量产品中个别营养素含量值极高的情况。建议在今后食品安全国家标准修订过程中,综合考虑是否设定上述营养素上限值。

Objective To investigate the distribution of essential nutrients content of commercial follow-up formula for young children, especially with regard to the nutrients without maximum compositional requirements in China National Food Safety Standard GB 10767-2010 Follow-up Formula, and to provide future reference on national food safety standard revi- sion. Methods Totally 1 591 follow-up formulas for young children were collected,and the distribution of 26 essential nu- trients content were analyzed. For the 16 essential nutrients without maximum level in GB 10767, the maximum requirements were assumed as three or five times minimum compositional requirements in GB 10767,which were compared with nutrients contents respectively. The impact of assumed maximum level on commercial young children formula were discussed and eval- uated. Results The distribution of essential nutrients content of commercial young children formula were balance in large extent. However, for some nutrients, protein,vitamin D and chlorine were in low distribution, iron, copper and sodium were in high distribution. For the 16 essential nutrients without maximum requirements, P95/ three times GB minimum require- ments were 0.78--2.79,and maximum value/ three times GB minimum requirement were 1.20- 1 832.92;Pgs/five times GB minimum requirement were 0.47-- 1.67, and maximum value/five times GB minimum requirement were 0.72 -1 099. 75. Conclusions In commercial young children formula, the content of essential nutrients without maximum requirements are normally three to five times GB minimum. Only a few nutrients in individual products are high. Therefore, it is suggested that the maximum compositional requirements on essential nutrients be considered in the future national food safety standard revision.